Chemistry Chapters 1-5 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

The reaction of HCIO (aq) and KOH (aq) is classified as a ______ reaction.

single-displacement

The molar mass of diborane (B₂H₆) is ______ g/mol.

28

The molecular process that causes the dye and water to mix is called ______.

Diffusion

The symbol Pb represents the element ______.

<p>Lead</p> Signup and view all the answers

At constant temperature and pressure, the molar volume of an ideal gas is constant according to ______ law.

<p>Avogadro's</p> Signup and view all the answers

The number of significant figures in the number 68,080 is ______.

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

The quantity that is the ratio of mass to volume is known as ______.

<p>Density</p> Signup and view all the answers

The partial pressure of hydrogen gas, after accounting for vapor pressure, is ______ torr.

<p>740</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among H₂, CH₄, and C₂H₄, the gas that would be expected to diffuse the fastest is ______.

<p>H₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

The compound CaCO₃ is known as ______.

<p>Calcium carbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

The volume of an ideal gas decreases until it becomes ______ at absolute zero (0 K).

<p>zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

The compound HF is referred to as ______.

<p>Hydrogen fluoride</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gas molecules are ______ in volume compared to the volume of the gas as a whole, according to the kinetic theory of matter.

<p>negligible</p> Signup and view all the answers

Browning meat is an example of a ______ change.

<p>chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

The negatively charged subatomic particles in an atom are called ______.

<p>Electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

The volume of chlorine gas produced from 68.0 g of NaCl at 293 K and 1.00 atm is ______ liters.

<p>14</p> Signup and view all the answers

The smallest particles into which an element may be broken down without changing the identity of the element are called ______.

<p>atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

1 millimeter of mercury (1 mmHg) is equal to ______.

<p>1 torr</p> Signup and view all the answers

The number of protons in an atom is known as the ______.

<p>atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard atmosphere (atm) is equal to ______ torr.

<p>760</p> Signup and view all the answers

The atomic mass unit is defined relative to the isotope ______.

<p>carbon-12</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the scientific method, thinking about nature to develop an idea about how something works involves ______.

<p>hypothesizing</p> Signup and view all the answers

A microsecond is equal to ______ seconds.

<p>10⁻⁶</p> Signup and view all the answers

Standard temperature and pressure (STP) is defined as ______ K and 760 torr.

<p>273.15</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is an atom?

The smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.

What is atomic mass?

A measure of the average mass of an atom of an element, taking into account the relative abundances of its isotopes.

What is atomic number?

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

What is a barometer?

The instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.

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What is a combination reaction?

A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single product.

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What is a decomposition reaction?

A reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.

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What is a double-displacement reaction?

A reaction in which the positive and negative ions of two reactants switch places.

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What is the scientific method?

The process of gathering information about the natural world through observation and experimentation.

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Molar mass

The mass of one mole of a substance.

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Avogadro's law

A law stating that the molar volume of an ideal gas is constant at constant temperature and pressure.

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Significant figures

The number of digits in a number that are considered to be reliable and contribute to its precision.

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Partial pressure

The pressure exerted by a gas in a mixture.

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Absolute zero

The theoretical point where the volume of an ideal gas would become zero.

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Kinetic theory of matter

A theory describing the behavior of gases based on the movement of particles.

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Cation

A positively charged ion formed by the loss of electrons from a neutral atom.

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Chemical change

A chemical change involves the formation of new substances with different chemical properties.

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Diffusion

The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

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Density

The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume.

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What is the element with the symbol H?

The lightest element, with the symbol H.

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Name the compound with the formula CaCO₃.

A chemical compound formed by the reaction of calcium, carbon, and oxygen. It has the formula CaCO₃.

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What are the negatively charged subatomic particles called?

A negatively charged particle found orbiting the nucleus of an atom.

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Boyle's Law

The relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at a constant temperature.

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Charles's Law

The relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas at a constant pressure.

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Ideal Gas Law

The relationship between the volume, pressure, temperature, and number of moles of a gas.

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Study Notes

Multiple Choice Questions (Chapters 1-5)

  • Smallest particles of an element: Atoms
  • 1 mmHg equivalent: 1 torr
  • Number of protons in an atom: Atomic number
  • Standard Atmosphere (atm) equivalent: 760 torr
  • Atomic mass unit standard: Carbon-12
  • Part of scientific method that involves thinking about how things work (nature): Hypothesizing
  • Microsecond: 10-6 seconds
  • Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP): 273.15 K and 760 torr
  • Atoms in one mole: 6.022 x 1023
  • 0 K equivalent: -273.15°C

Modified True/False Statements

  • Instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure: Barometer
  • Force per unit area: Pressure
  • Solid state matter description (particles): Particles have energy for movement but not enough to overcome attraction for each other
  • Closeness to actual value of measurement: Precision
  • Central dense portion of an atom: Core
  • Microscopic-Macroscopic link in chemistry: Avogadro's number
  • Copper (II) chloride formula: CuCl₂

Matching Reactions with Categories

  • (Matching was not requested; only response to question types is provided.)*

Multiple Choice Questions (Additional)

  • Molar mass of diborane (B₂H₆): 27.65 g/mol
  • Law related to constant molar volume of an ideal gas at constant temperature/pressure: Avogadro's law
  • Significant figures in 68,080: 4
  • Partial pressure of hydrogen if vapor pressure of water given: 740 torr
  • Theoretical behavior of ideal gas at 0K (constant pressure): Volume decreases to zero
  • Statement about gold(III) ion (positive charges): Gold (III) has three fewer electrons than a neutral gold atom.
  • 1.5 meters in different units: 150 cm
  • Example of chemical change: Browning meat

Additional Problems and Concepts

  • Units of volume (from question 46): Liters or L
  • Gases that diffuse fastest: H₂
  • Element symbol for Silicon: Si
  • Chemical formula of CaCO₃: Calcium Carbonate
  • Chemical formula of HF: Hydrogen Fluoride
  • Negatively charged subatomic particles: Electrons

Balancing Equations

  • (Example matching of balancing equations is not possible; only response to question types is provided.)*

Additional Questions and Problems

  • Pressure and volume relationship (Problem 46): Inversely proportional, PV = k (Boyle's Law)
  • Relationship between temperature and volume (problem 47): Directly proportional (Charles's Law)

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