Atmospheric Science Exam 3 Review: Chapters 16 & 17
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of the tropopause?

  • It is the layer where weather events occur.
  • It experiences the highest temperatures in the atmosphere.
  • It acts as a barrier between the troposphere and stratosphere. (correct)
  • It is the layer with the highest concentration of ozone.

Which phenomenon occurs when the sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer?

  • Autumn equinox
  • Spring equinox
  • Summer solstice (correct)
  • Winter solstice

What is latent heat?

  • Heat released during the change of phase of a substance.
  • Heat energy that remains constant in a closed system.
  • Heat energy required to increase the temperature of a substance.
  • Heat absorbed or released during a phase change without a temperature change. (correct)

What is the primary difference between the dry and moist adiabatic rates?

<p>The moist rate accounts for the heat released by condensation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines isotherms?

<p>Lines connecting points of equal temperature. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process causes atmospheric instability?

<p>Rapidly rising warm air creating turbulence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary type of fog associated with temperature inversion?

<p>Radiation fog (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the environmental lapse rate?

<p>The temperature decrease with increase in altitude in the troposphere. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is NOT a method of heat transfer?

<p>Evaporation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes stable air from unstable air?

<p>Unstable air promotes cloud formation and weather changes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atmospheric Layers

Different sections of the atmosphere, each with specific characteristics like temperature changes, and gases.

Tropopause

Boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere, characterized by a significant change in temperature gradient.

Earth-Sun Relationship

Positions and movements of Earth and Sun affect weather patterns, seasons, and temperature.

Solstices/Equinoxes

Specific dates when the sun is most directly overhead at certain latitudes (solstices) or equally overhead at Earth's equator (equinoxes).

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Greenhouse Effect

Process where certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat, warming the Earth.

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Isotherms

Lines on a map that connect points with the same temperature.

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Adiabatic Cooling

Cooling of air as it rises and expands without exchanging heat with its surroundings.

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Adiabatic Rates

Rates at which air temperature changes as it rises or sinks, depending on whether air is moist or dry.

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Atmospheric Stability

Measure of the atmosphere's tendency to resist vertical movement.

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Inversion

Layer of atmosphere where temperature increases with altitude, which can trap pollution near the surface.

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Study Notes

Exam 3 Review: Chapters 16 & 17

  • Know the major atmospheric gases and their percentages
  • Know the atmospheric layers and their characteristics
  • Understand tropopause and stratopause
  • Know Earth-Sun relationships, solstices, and equinoxes
  • Understand Tropics of Cancer/Capricorn and their latitudes
  • Know the Antarctic/Arctic circles
  • Understand pressure decrease with altitude
  • Know mechanisms of heat transfer
  • Know radiation transmission, scattering percentages
  • Understand the greenhouse effect
  • Know what isotherms are
  • Know factors affecting temperature (windward/leeward, upwind/downwind, bodies of water)
  • Understand phase changes of water and heat absorption/release
  • Know what latent heat is
  • Know relative humidity and methods to change it
  • Know dew point temperature
  • Know sling psychrometer use
  • Know adiabatic cooling
  • Understand dry and moist adiabatic rates and their use
  • Know environmental lapse rate
  • Know processes that lift air
  • Distinguish between stable and unstable atmospheres & associated clouds
  • Know what an inversion is and where it occurs in the atmosphere
  • Know cloud types classified by form and height
  • Know different types of fog and their formation
  • Know precipitation formation processes and locations
  • Know different types of precipitation and characteristics
  • Know how to calculate temperature ranges and mean temperatures
  • Know how to find relative humidity and dew point from dry and wet bulb readings

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ESC 120 Exam 3 Review Sheet PDF

Description

Prepare for your Exam 3 with this comprehensive review focusing on key concepts from Chapters 16 and 17. This quiz covers atmospheric gases, layers, temperature factors, and essential concepts like the greenhouse effect and humidity. Test your understanding of Earth's atmospheric dynamics and relationships with the Sun.

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