Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the result of severe and permanent reductions in blood flow to cells?
What is the result of severe and permanent reductions in blood flow to cells?
- Hypertrophy
- Hyperplasia
- Metaplasia
- Ischemic necrosis (correct)
Where are certain sites more vulnerable to the development of atherosclerosis?
Where are certain sites more vulnerable to the development of atherosclerosis?
- Places with low oxygen levels
- Regions with smooth vessel walls
- Locations where arteries bifurcate or branch into smaller vessels (correct)
- Areas with high blood flow
In which part of the vascular system can atherosclerosis develop?
In which part of the vascular system can atherosclerosis develop?
- Anywhere along the course of the artery (correct)
- Mainly in the abdominal region
- Only in the upper extremities
- Exclusively in the lower extremities
What results from prolonged hemodynamic forces according to the reaction-to-injury theory?
What results from prolonged hemodynamic forces according to the reaction-to-injury theory?
What replaces cells that undergo ischemic necrosis due to severe and permanent reductions in blood flow?
What replaces cells that undergo ischemic necrosis due to severe and permanent reductions in blood flow?
What has hyperhomocysteinemia been positively correlated with?
What has hyperhomocysteinemia been positively correlated with?
How does homocysteine promote coagulation?
How does homocysteine promote coagulation?
What is the effect of folic acid and vitamin B12 on serum homocysteine levels?
What is the effect of folic acid and vitamin B12 on serum homocysteine levels?
What is the impact of B complex vitamins on reducing adverse cardiovascular events?
What is the impact of B complex vitamins on reducing adverse cardiovascular events?
Why is the use of B complex vitamins not recommended to reduce cardiovascular disease in patients with PAD?
Why is the use of B complex vitamins not recommended to reduce cardiovascular disease in patients with PAD?
What are fatty streaks composed of?
What are fatty streaks composed of?
Where are fatty streaks predominantly found?
Where are fatty streaks predominantly found?
Do fatty streaks usually cause clinical symptoms?
Do fatty streaks usually cause clinical symptoms?
Are fatty streaks reversible?
Are fatty streaks reversible?
What stimulates the development of collateral circulation in response to gradual narrowing of the arterial lumen?
What stimulates the development of collateral circulation in response to gradual narrowing of the arterial lumen?
What is the impact of nicotine on blood flow and heart rate?
What is the impact of nicotine on blood flow and heart rate?
How does carbon monoxide affect the tissues?
How does carbon monoxide affect the tissues?
What is the impact of smoking on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels?
What is the impact of smoking on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels?
How is the use of tobacco related to the extent of the disease?
How is the use of tobacco related to the extent of the disease?
What is the effect of cessation of nicotine product use on disease risk?
What is the effect of cessation of nicotine product use on disease risk?
What are fibrous plaques composed of?
What are fibrous plaques composed of?
Where are fibrous plaques predominantly found?
Where are fibrous plaques predominantly found?
What color are fibrous plaques?
What color are fibrous plaques?
What is the main effect of gradual narrowing of the arterial lumen?
What is the main effect of gradual narrowing of the arterial lumen?
What is the role of collateral circulation?
What is the role of collateral circulation?
What is the composition of fatty streaks?
What is the composition of fatty streaks?
What is the main difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?
What is the main difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?
In what way do arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis commonly coexist?
In what way do arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis commonly coexist?
What are the common direct results of atherosclerosis in arteries?
What are the common direct results of atherosclerosis in arteries?
Why are all actively functioning tissue cells sensitive to any reduction in the supply of nutrients and oxygen?
Why are all actively functioning tissue cells sensitive to any reduction in the supply of nutrients and oxygen?
What is the characteristic feature of atheromas or plaques?
What is the characteristic feature of atheromas or plaques?
What is the impact of diabetes on the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
What is the impact of diabetes on the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
How does diabetes affect the onset and progression of peripheral artery disease (PAD) compared to patients without diabetes?
How does diabetes affect the onset and progression of peripheral artery disease (PAD) compared to patients without diabetes?
What are some factors contributing to the multifactorial impact of diabetes on atherosclerosis?
What are some factors contributing to the multifactorial impact of diabetes on atherosclerosis?
What is the significance of slightly increased serum CRP levels in relation to cardiovascular inflammation?
What is the significance of slightly increased serum CRP levels in relation to cardiovascular inflammation?
How does diabetes impact the anatomic distribution of pathology in peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
How does diabetes impact the anatomic distribution of pathology in peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
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