Atherosclerosis in Animal Models
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Questions and Answers

What may vary in different plaques?

  • The shape of smooth muscle cells
  • The proportion of components (correct)
  • The size of fibrous plaques
  • The number of fibrous tissues

    • What type of cells are found in some plaques?

  • Blood cells
  • Nerve cells
  • Smooth muscle cells (correct)
  • Bone cells

    • What is another term for plaques composed mostly of smooth muscle cells and fibrous tissue?

  • Fibrous plaques (correct)
  • Tissue plaques
  • Fatty plaques
  • Muscle plaques

    • What is a characteristic of fibrous plaques?

    <p>They are mostly composed of smooth muscle cells and fibrous tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the composition of different plaques?

    <p>The proportion of components varies in different plaques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is accelerated in animal models with deficiencies in apolipoproteins or LDL receptors?

    <p>Atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of deficiencies in apolipoproteins or LDL receptors in animal models?

    <p>Accelerated atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis in animal models?

    <p>Deficiencies in apolipoproteins or LDL receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs in animal models with deficiencies in apolipoproteins or LDL receptors?

    <p>Accelerated atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of deficiencies in apolipoproteins or LDL receptors on atherosclerosis in animal models?

    <p>Acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of fatty streaks?

    <p>A collection of foamy macrophages in the intima</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are lesions more common?

    <p>Upper extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are fatty streaks composed of?

    <p>Foamy macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of fatty streaks?

    <p>In the intima</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fatty streak?

    <p>A collection of foamy macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can immediately adjacent vessel segments have?

    <p>Markedly attenuated media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the appearance of adjacent vessel segments on angiography?

    <p>String of beads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can occur as a result of attenuated media in adjacent vessel segments?

    <p>Vascular aneurysms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of vascular aneurysms?

    <p>Rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What imaging modality is used to visualize the 'string of beads' appearance?

    <p>Angiography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage decrease in luminal cross-sectional area leads to critical stenosis?

    <p>70% to 75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symptom of critical stenosis that may develop with exertion?

    <p>Chest pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of angina is associated with critical stenosis?

    <p>Stable angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plaque is vulnerable to rupture?

    <p>Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for atherosclerotic plaque that is not prone to rupture?

    <p>Stable atherosclerotic plaque</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Atherosclerosis

    • Accelerated atherosclerosis occurs in animal models with deficiencies in apolipoproteins or LDL receptors.

    Plaque Composition

    • Plaques can be composed of varying proportions of components, including:
      • Smooth muscle cells
      • Fibrous tissue
      • Foamy macrophages (fatty streak)
    • Fibrous plaques are composed mostly of smooth muscle cells and fibrous tissue.

    Stages of Atherosclerosis

    • Fatty streak: a collection of foamy macrophages in the intima
    • Critical stenosis: 70-75% decrease in luminal cross-sectional area, leading to chest pain with exertion (stable angina)

    Vulnerable and Stable Atherosclerotic Plaque

    • Immediately adjacent vessel segments can have markedly attenuated media, leading to:
      • A "string of beads" appearance on angio-graphy
      • Vascular aneurysms that can rupture

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    Description

    This quiz covers the concept of accelerated atherosclerosis in animal models with deficiencies in apolipoproteins or LDL receptors.

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