A.Sulfonylureas Mechanisms and Pharmacokinetics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of sulfonylureas?

  • Increasing peripheral insulin resistance
  • Stimulation of insulin release by blocking ATP-sensitive K+ channels (correct)
  • Inhibition of hepatic glucose production
  • Enhancing gluconeogenesis in the liver

Which sulfonylurea has the shortest half-life?

  • Glyburide
  • Repaglinide
  • Glimepiride
  • Glipizide (correct)

What adverse effect is commonly associated with sulfonylureas?

  • Hypoglycemia (correct)
  • Weight loss
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hypercholesterolemia

Which sulfonylurea has minimal transfer across the placenta and can be used as an alternative to insulin during pregnancy?

<p>Glyburide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which conditions should sulfonylureas be used with caution due to the risk of hypoglycemia?

<p>Hepatic insufficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Meglitidines from Sulfonylureas in terms of duration of action?

<p>Shorter duration of action (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Metformin is true?

<p>Metformin reduces LDL and VLDL levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of α-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol?

<p>Flatulence and diarrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should Acarbose and Miglitol be used with caution in combination with insulin secretagogues or insulin?

<p>They may cause hypoglycemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Biguanides like Metformin from Sulfonylureas in terms of their mechanism of action?

<p>Do not induce hypoglycemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of medications is contraindicated in patients with irritable or inflammatory bowel disease?

<p>Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for hypoglycemia associated with Insulin Sensitizers like Metformin?

<p>Delayed or skipped meals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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