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A.Sulfonylureas Mechanisms and Pharmacokinetics

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A.Sulfonylureas Mechanisms and Pharmacokinetics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of sulfonylureas?

Increasing peripheral insulin resistance

Stimulation of insulin release by blocking ATP-sensitive K+ channels (correct)

Inhibition of hepatic glucose production

Enhancing gluconeogenesis in the liver

Which sulfonylurea has the shortest half-life?

Glyburide

Repaglinide

Glimepiride

Glipizide (correct)

What adverse effect is commonly associated with sulfonylureas?

Hypoglycemia (correct)

Weight loss

Hyperglycemia

Hypercholesterolemia

Which sulfonylurea has minimal transfer across the placenta and can be used as an alternative to insulin during pregnancy?

Glyburide Signup and view all the answers

In which conditions should sulfonylureas be used with caution due to the risk of hypoglycemia?

Hepatic insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Meglitidines from Sulfonylureas in terms of duration of action?

Shorter duration of action Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Metformin is true?

Metformin reduces LDL and VLDL levels Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of α-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol?

Flatulence and diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

Why should Acarbose and Miglitol be used with caution in combination with insulin secretagogues or insulin?

They may cause hypoglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Biguanides like Metformin from Sulfonylureas in terms of their mechanism of action?

Do not induce hypoglycemia Signup and view all the answers

Which group of medications is contraindicated in patients with irritable or inflammatory bowel disease?

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for hypoglycemia associated with Insulin Sensitizers like Metformin?

Delayed or skipped meals Signup and view all the answers