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Questions and Answers
How is Earth moving through space?
Earth rotates on its axis once a day and orbits the Sun at a distance of 1 AU (approximately 150 million kilometers).
What is the average distance of Earth from the Sun in AU?
1 AU (approximately 150 million kilometers).
Which direction does Earth rotate and orbit?
What is the typical speed of our Sun moving relative to other stars in the solar neighborhood?
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How long does it take for our Sun to orbit the Milky Way galaxy?
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What did Hubble discover about the movement of galaxies?
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How has the study of astronomy affected human history?
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All galaxies outside our Local Group are moving closer to us.
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What can we see with the naked eye from Earth?
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The Milky Way is a band of clouds of gas and dust and other ______.
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Study Notes
Earth's Motions
- Earth rotates on its axis once every day.
- Earth revolves around the Sun once a year, at an average distance of 1 AU (150 million kilometers).
- Earth's axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees, pointing towards Polaris (North Star).
- Earth rotates and orbits in the same direction, counterclockwise when viewed from above the North Pole.
Our Sun's Motion
- Our Sun moves randomly relative to other stars in the local solar neighborhood, at speeds exceeding 70,000 km/hr.
- Due to the vast distances, the motion of stars is difficult to observe.
- The Sun orbits the center of the Milky Way galaxy, completing one orbit every 230 million years.
Galactic Motion and Expansion
- Galaxies are carried along with the expansion of the universe.
- Hubble discovered that all galaxies outside our Local Group are moving away from us.
- The farther a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away.
- This suggests that we live in an expanding universe.
Astronomy and Human History
- The Copernican Revolution demonstrated that Earth is not the center of the universe.
- The study of planetary motion led to Newton's laws of motion and gravity, which were foundational to the Industrial Revolution.
- Modern astronomical discoveries continue to broaden our understanding of the cosmos.
Observation of the Night Sky
- From Earth, we can see more than 2,000 stars with the naked eye, along with the Milky Way.
- The Milky Way appears as a band of gas, dust, and stars.
- The visibility of the Milky Way and constellations depends on location and time of year.
- To observe the night sky effectively, it is essential to find a location with minimal light pollution, away from city lights.
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Description
Explore the fascinating motions of Earth and our Sun through this quiz. Learn about Earth's daily rotation, its yearly revolution around the Sun, and the Sun's complex movement in the Milky Way. This quiz also touches on the expansion of galaxies and the universe, making it a perfect challenge for astronomy enthusiasts.
