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Astrocytes: Structure and Function

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?

To provide structural support to the neuron

To aid in the transmission of nerve impulses

To regulate the exchanges of materials between neural cell bodies and interstitial fluid

To insulate axons and increase the speed of nerve impulse conduction (correct)

Which type of neuroglia is responsible for producing myelin in the CNS?

Satellite cells

Neurons

Oligodendrocytes (correct)

Schwann cells

What percentage of the myelin sheath is composed of lipids?

90%

50 to 60%

70% (correct)

20 to 30%

What is the role of Satellite cells in the PNS?

To surround the cell bodies of neurons in sensory and autonomic ganglia Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of myelin basic protein in the myelin sheath?

To play a part in the structure of myelin Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of forming the myelin sheath around axons?

Myelination Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the myelin sheath in nerve transmission?

To insulate and increase the speed of nerve impulses Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell is responsible for myelination in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Schwann cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Microglial Cells in the brain?

Phagocytizing foreign substances and removing dead cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of rapid transmission of nerve impulses between nodes of Ranvier?

Saltatory conduction Signup and view all the answers

Which type of astrocytes is found in the gray matter and has many short branching processes?

Protoplasmic astrocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS)?

To form myelin sheaths around axons Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Oligodendrocytes in the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

Forming and maintaining the myelin sheath around axons Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Ependymal Cells in the brain?

Forming a barrier between cerebral spinal fluid and the interstitial fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which myelin sheaths are compacted and formed around axons?

Myelin compaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dendrites in neurons?

To receive signals from other neurons Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Fibrous astrocytes in the brain?

Found in white matter and have many long unbranched processes Signup and view all the answers

What do astrocytes help to regulate in the brain?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers