Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of astrocyte has many short and branching processes?
Which type of astrocyte has many short and branching processes?
Oligodendrocytes are found in the peripheral nervous system.
Oligodendrocytes are found in the peripheral nervous system.
False
What is the primary function of microglia in the nervous tissue?
What is the primary function of microglia in the nervous tissue?
Phagocytic activity and scanning for damaged cells
Schwann cells are responsible for myelination of the nerve fibers in the _____ nervous system.
Schwann cells are responsible for myelination of the nerve fibers in the _____ nervous system.
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Match the following neuroglial cells with their primary functions:
Match the following neuroglial cells with their primary functions:
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Which neuroglial cell type is involved in providing structural support to neurons?
Which neuroglial cell type is involved in providing structural support to neurons?
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Satellite cells provide an insulating layer around neuronal cell bodies in ganglia.
Satellite cells provide an insulating layer around neuronal cell bodies in ganglia.
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What type of cells line the central canal of the spinal cord?
What type of cells line the central canal of the spinal cord?
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Study Notes
Nervous Tissue
- Nervous tissue is composed of neurons and neuroglia.
- Neuroglia are 10 times more abundant than neurons.
- Neuroglia are categorized as central nervous system (CNS) neuroglia and peripheral nervous system (PNS) neuroglia.
Neuroglia Classification
-
CNS neuroglia
- Astrocytes (protoplasmic & fibrous)
- Oligodendrocytes
- Microglia
- Ependymal cells
-
PNS neuroglia
- Schwann cells
- Satellite cells
Astrocytes
- Star-shaped glial cells with radiating processes.
- Two types:
- Fibrous astrocytes: long, straight processes
- Protoplasmic astrocytes: short, branching processes
- Functions:
- Participate in forming the blood-brain barrier.
- Provide structural support to neurons.
Oligodendrocytes
- Glial cells responsible for myelination in the CNS.
- One oligodendrocyte can myelinate multiple axons.
Microglia
- Small, glial cells with short, irregular processes.
- Common as neurons.
- Mobile cells that migrate through nervous tissue.
- Phagocytic cells, removing debris, wastes and pathogens.
Ependymal Cells
- Cuboidal cells lining the central canal of the spinal cord and brain ventricles.
- Secrete cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Schwann Cells
- Glial cells responsible for myelination in the PNS.
- Unlike oligodendrocytes, one Schwann cell myelinates a short segment of a single axon.
Satellite Cells
- Capsular cells surrounding neuronal cell bodies in ganglia.
- Provide supportive, nourishing, insulating, regulating microenvironment for neurons.
Neuron Types
- Multipolar neurons
- Pseudounipolar neurons
Additional Notes
- Astrocytes are the most abundant CNS neuroglia.
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Description
Explore the composition and classification of nervous tissue including neurons and neuroglia. This quiz covers the types of CNS and PNS neuroglia, focusing on their structures and functions, like astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Test your knowledge on how these glial cells contribute to the nervous system.
