Asthma Overview and Health Promotion
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal for Healthy People 2030 regarding asthma?

  • Increase the number of asthma diagnoses
  • Reduce asthma deaths, attacks, and ED visits (correct)
  • Eliminate environmental pollutants completely
  • Enhance public smoking

    • Which of the following environmental factors can trigger asthma symptoms?

  • Low exposure to allergens
  • Consistent warm temperatures
  • Change in humidity levels (correct)
  • Reduced emotional distress

    • What should a client with asthma do if they are working in an environment with carcinogens?

  • Use protective equipment and ensure proper ventilation (correct)
  • Take more medications than prescribed
  • Ignore the need for protection if feeling well
  • Avoid all exercise during work hours

    • Which medication category should asthma patients be cautious with due to potential triggers?

    <p>Beta-blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method to eliminate dust mites from bed linens for an asthma patient?

    <p>Using hot water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes mild persistent asthma symptoms?

    <p>Symptoms arise more than twice a week but not daily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk factor is NOT typically associated with increased susceptibility to asthma in older adults?

    <p>Increased physical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does aging have on beta-adrenergic receptors in older adults?

    <p>They become less effective at relaxing smooth muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Severe persistent asthma is characterized by what symptom frequency?

    <p>Continual symptoms with frequent exacerbations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can contribute to the development of asthma in older adults?

    <p>Environmental allergies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical assessment finding is commonly associated with asthma?

    <p>Coughing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common emotional response experienced during an asthma exacerbation?

    <p>Anxiety or stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor should be considered when assessing the history of asthma exacerbations?

    <p>Age of first symptom onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which finding is indicative of poor oxygen saturation in an asthmatic patient?

    <p>Barrel chest or increased chest diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an appropriate self-care method for promoting relief during an asthma attack?

    <p>Using a rescue inhaler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What PaO2 level is indicative of hypoxemia?

    <p>Less than 80 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change in FEV1 is often seen in clients with asthma?

    <p>A decrease of 15% to 20% below the expected value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a 12% increase in pulmonary function test values following bronchodilator administration?

    <p>It is diagnostic for asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What PaCO2 level indicates early hypocarbia during an asthma attack?

    <p>Less than 35 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test is considered the most accurate for diagnosing asthma?

    <p>Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which positioning technique is recommended to maximize ventilation for a client experiencing dyspnea?

    <p>Sitting upright (high-Fowler’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored in a client during an acute asthma attack?

    <p>Cardiac rate and rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important nursing intervention to consider for older adult clients with dyspnea?

    <p>Design room to facilitate opportunities for rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When caring for a client with dyspnea, which of the following actions is essential?

    <p>Provide reassurance and maintain calmness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of patient-centered care is emphasized for administering medications in a client with asthma?

    <p>Administer medications based on a prescribed schedule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of short-acting beta2 agonists (SABAs) like albuterol in asthma management?

    <p>Provide rapid relief of acute symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect should be monitored when administering theophylline?

    <p>Nausea and diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key nursing action when a client is using ipratropium?

    <p>Observe for dry mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a correct client education point regarding the use of salmeterol?

    <p>Use it only for long-term control and prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a client be advised to do to alleviate dry mouth caused by ipratropium use?

    <p>Suck on hard candies and increase fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential side effect of using omalizumab that requires immediate medical attention?

    <p>Anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should clients do if they experience a reading in the red zone on a peak flow meter?

    <p>Seek emergency care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which administration method is recommended when using a combination of bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory medications?

    <p>Administer the bronchodilator first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should prednisone be taken to minimize gastrointestinal discomfort?

    <p>With food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important nursing consideration regarding the use of corticosteroids in asthma treatment?

    <p>Long-term use can lead to decreased immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical nursing action to prepare for during a status asthmaticus episode?

    <p>Prepare for emergency intubation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which service should be contacted if a client is experiencing weakness that affects their daily activities?

    <p>Rehabilitation care for activity assistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication can arise from persistent hypoxemia related to asthma?

    <p>Respiratory failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action should be implemented when a client is monitored during an acute asthma attack?

    <p>Monitor oxygenation levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a life-threatening characteristic of status asthmaticus?

    <p>Extreme wheezing and labored breathing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Asthma Overview

    • Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by intermittent and reversible airflow blockage in the bronchioles.
    • Blockage can be caused by inflammation or airway hyperresponsiveness.
    • Approximately 8.4% of the US population has asthma.
    • Asthma can develop at any age.
    • The precise cause of asthma is unknown.
    • Manifestations include mucosal swelling (edema), bronchiole constriction, and excessive mucus production.
    • Reducing asthma deaths, attacks, and emergency department visits are goals for Healthy People 2030.

    Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

    • Smoking Cessation: Advise clients who smoke to quit.
    • Protective Equipment: Instruct clients to use masks and ensure good ventilation in work environments with carcinogens or airborne particles.
    • Vaccinations: Encourage influenza and pneumonia vaccinations, especially for older adults and asthma patients.
    • Trigger Avoidance: Teach clients to identify and avoid triggers.
    • Environmental Triggers: Examples include temperature changes (especially warm to cold), humidity, air pollutants, strong odors, seasonal/perennial allergens (e.g., pollen, mold, dust mites, animal dander, sulfite-treated foods), stress, emotional distress, medications (aspirin, NSAIDs, beta-blockers, cholinergics), enzymes (e.g., in laundry detergents), chemicals (household cleaners), sinusitis, and viral respiratory infections.
    • Medication Self-Administration: Teach clients proper use of nebulizers and inhalers.
    • Infection Prevention: Teach clients infection prevention techniques.
    • Exercise: Encourage regular exercise, which improves ventilation, perfusion, cardiovascular health, and skeletal muscle strength. Pre-medication may be necessary for some clients.
    • Dust Mite Control: Instruct use of hot water to remove dust mites from bedding.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key aspects of asthma, including its characteristics, prevalence, and treatment goals. It also explores health promotion strategies such as smoking cessation, trigger avoidance, and vaccination recommendations for asthma patients. Test your knowledge on managing and preventing asthma effectively.

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