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Questions and Answers
What is the primary clinical criterion for diagnosing asthma?
What is the primary clinical criterion for diagnosing asthma?
Which condition should be initially assumed in a patient presenting with wheezing and related symptoms?
Which condition should be initially assumed in a patient presenting with wheezing and related symptoms?
How might the course of asthma change over time in an affected individual?
How might the course of asthma change over time in an affected individual?
What is the key focus of initial asthma treatment, alongside patient education?
What is the key focus of initial asthma treatment, alongside patient education?
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What is the classification based on etiology mainly used for?
What is the classification based on etiology mainly used for?
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Which of the following is NOT a common clinical manifestation of asthma?
Which of the following is NOT a common clinical manifestation of asthma?
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How may a patient's symptoms during an asthma exacerbation be classified?
How may a patient's symptoms during an asthma exacerbation be classified?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of asthma?
Which of the following is NOT a type of asthma?
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What is the projected trend for annual asthma-related deaths in the coming decades?
What is the projected trend for annual asthma-related deaths in the coming decades?
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Which population group is disproportionately more affected by asthma?
Which population group is disproportionately more affected by asthma?
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Besides health disparities, what other factors contribute to the increased prevalence of asthma?
Besides health disparities, what other factors contribute to the increased prevalence of asthma?
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What is a significant social burden associated with asthma, as mentioned in the text?
What is a significant social burden associated with asthma, as mentioned in the text?
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What role do oral health care providers play in the treatment of asthma?
What role do oral health care providers play in the treatment of asthma?
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According to the content, what should the dental care of asthmatic patients consider?
According to the content, what should the dental care of asthmatic patients consider?
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What is the most accurate description of the severity of asthma?
What is the most accurate description of the severity of asthma?
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What is a common characteristic of asthma in poverty-stricken areas?
What is a common characteristic of asthma in poverty-stricken areas?
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What are some local untoward manifestations associated with antileukotriene drugs?
What are some local untoward manifestations associated with antileukotriene drugs?
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Which of the following is a preferred therapy for mild persistent asthma?
Which of the following is a preferred therapy for mild persistent asthma?
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What is a significant risk associated with the use of theophylline?
What is a significant risk associated with the use of theophylline?
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Which medication can be used in addition to inhaled corticosteroids for symptomatic relief in asthma?
Which medication can be used in addition to inhaled corticosteroids for symptomatic relief in asthma?
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Why is erythromycin contraindicated in patients taking theophylline?
Why is erythromycin contraindicated in patients taking theophylline?
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What is the common use of cromolyn sodium in asthma therapy?
What is the common use of cromolyn sodium in asthma therapy?
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How do anticholinergics like ipratropium bromide work in asthma treatment?
How do anticholinergics like ipratropium bromide work in asthma treatment?
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What is a key difference between nedocromil and cromolyn sodium in asthma management?
What is a key difference between nedocromil and cromolyn sodium in asthma management?
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What factors have been found to influence asthma mortality in Chicago?
What factors have been found to influence asthma mortality in Chicago?
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What is the standard dose of a 1:1,000 wt/vol solution for adults experiencing asthma?
What is the standard dose of a 1:1,000 wt/vol solution for adults experiencing asthma?
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Which treatment was assessed for its impact on caries development in asthmatic patients?
Which treatment was assessed for its impact on caries development in asthmatic patients?
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What potential side effect is commonly associated with nebulized corticosteroids?
What potential side effect is commonly associated with nebulized corticosteroids?
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What was the outcome of long-term isoproterenol treatment in a rat model?
What was the outcome of long-term isoproterenol treatment in a rat model?
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Which publication provided guidelines for asthma diagnosis and management?
Which publication provided guidelines for asthma diagnosis and management?
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Which cytokine's effect is particularly targeted by new immunomodulatory therapies in asthma management?
Which cytokine's effect is particularly targeted by new immunomodulatory therapies in asthma management?
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What is a common practice that can help minimize the potential for candida growth after inhalation of steroids?
What is a common practice that can help minimize the potential for candida growth after inhalation of steroids?
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What aspect of saliva was examined in relation to asthma and dental health?
What aspect of saliva was examined in relation to asthma and dental health?
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What oral health issue has been linked to the use of inhaled steroids in asthma patients?
What oral health issue has been linked to the use of inhaled steroids in asthma patients?
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What is a health concern associated with inner-city asthma?
What is a health concern associated with inner-city asthma?
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What percentage of the inhaled dose actually reaches the lungs when using an inhaler?
What percentage of the inhaled dose actually reaches the lungs when using an inhaler?
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What outcome was seen in studies regarding caries prevalence among urban children?
What outcome was seen in studies regarding caries prevalence among urban children?
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What is a potential risk when treating asthmatic children with beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists?
What is a potential risk when treating asthmatic children with beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists?
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What common behavior in asthmatic individuals can contribute to gingival inflammation?
What common behavior in asthmatic individuals can contribute to gingival inflammation?
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What is a potential oral condition that can arise from the use of nebulized corticosteroids?
What is a potential oral condition that can arise from the use of nebulized corticosteroids?
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What is the main concern regarding the use of erythromycin in patients taking theophylline?
What is the main concern regarding the use of erythromycin in patients taking theophylline?
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What is the recommended alternative to erythromycin when treating patients taking theophylline?
What is the recommended alternative to erythromycin when treating patients taking theophylline?
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What is the potential consequence of using phenobarbital with theophylline?
What is the potential consequence of using phenobarbital with theophylline?
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What is the main reason cited for the concern about using sulfites in corticosteroid-dependent asthmatic patients?
What is the main reason cited for the concern about using sulfites in corticosteroid-dependent asthmatic patients?
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What is NOT a valid concern about the use of erythromycin with theophylline?
What is NOT a valid concern about the use of erythromycin with theophylline?
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What is the primary reason for recommending the use of azithromycin instead of erythromycin in patients taking theophylline?
What is the primary reason for recommending the use of azithromycin instead of erythromycin in patients taking theophylline?
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What is the main reason for recommending the use of inhaled steroids for asthma management?
What is the main reason for recommending the use of inhaled steroids for asthma management?
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What is the underlying assumption behind the recommendation to avoid using erythromycin in patients taking theophylline?
What is the underlying assumption behind the recommendation to avoid using erythromycin in patients taking theophylline?
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Study Notes
Asthma and Dental Patients
- Asthma is a significant global health problem, affecting over 100 million people worldwide. Prevalence has risen steadily in the US in recent decades.
- Asthma mortality has nearly tripled in the past 20 years.
- Children, young adults and minorities in urban areas are disproportionately affected. This likely stems from various health disparities, including factors like poverty.
- Oral health care providers play a crucial role in managing a patient's overall health and how systemic conditions like asthma affect their oral health.
Asthma Pathophysiology
- Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder, chiefly affecting bronchioles. Symptoms include wheezing, chest tightness, and labored breathing.
- Airway obstruction results from a combination of smooth muscle spasm and inflammation.
- Airway inflammation can be acute, subacute or chronic varying in duration and cell types involved.
- Allergens and environmental factors are key in causing airway inflammation and obstruction.
- Asthma frequently worsens during certain seasons.
Asthma Diagnosis and Classification
- Asthma classification can consider etiology or severity.
- Diagnosis often relies on symptom evaluation and physical examination, potentially including pulmonary function tests, with a focus on reversibility of symptoms with bronchodilators.
- Severity is categorized based on symptom frequency (e.g., none, mild, moderate persisting), nighttime awakenings, and interference with daily activities.
Asthma Management and Treatment
- Asthma treatment largely focuses on controlling symptoms and preventing exacerbations.
- Initial treatment might include short-acting bronchodilators, such as metered-dose inhalers (MDIs).
- Sustained treatment may involve daily inhaled corticosteroids, as well as leukotriene antagonists.
- Systemic corticosteroids might be needed for severe cases.
Asthma and Dental Care
- The dental setting can trigger acute exacerbations, especially in patients with unstable or uncontrolled asthma.
- Certain dental materials or procedures can trigger asthma attacks, especially in people with a hypersensitivity to these agents.
- Dental procedures requiring long-term, or higher risk manipulations, which might include prolonged supine positioning, and excessive use of aerosols, should be done under careful supervision.
- Risk factors such as compromised immune function (due to medications), and history of severe or frequently occurring attacks are important considerations.
- Vasoconstrictors present in certain local anesthetics may be problematic for patients who use other medications for asthma or have associated conditions.
- Patients on long-term corticosteroid therapy may require special considerations like possible steroid replacement therapy before dental treatment, and antibiotic prophylaxis.
- Asthma patients should bring their rescue inhaler to appointments.
- Acute exacerbations can be mitigated by early recognition, discontinuing dental procedures, and appropriate management of symptoms as in an emergency protocol.
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Description
Explore the critical link between asthma and oral health in this quiz. Learn about the impacts of asthma on dental patients and the role of oral health care providers. Understanding asthma's pathophysiology and its broader implications will enhance your approach to patient care.
