Assessing Fluid Status
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Questions and Answers

Which electrolyte primarily occurs intracellularly?

  • Calcium
  • Sodium
  • Chloride
  • Potassium (correct)

    • What is the primary role of electrolytes within the human body?

  • Regulating blood pressure
  • Producing energy
  • Maintaining pH balance
  • Facilitating nerve impulses (correct)

    • What are the fluid compartments in the body?

  • Intracellular, intravascular, interstitial
  • Extracellular, intracellular, intravascular
  • Extracellular, intravascular, interstitial (correct)
  • Intracellular, intravascular, intercellular

    • Which cation is the primary intracellular cation?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physiologic role of potassium?

    <p>Regulation of muscle and nerve excitability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when a potassium imbalance exists?

    <p>Cardiovascular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are possible treatments for hyperkalemia?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most abundant cation in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Sodium (Na+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the normal range for serum sodium levels?

    <p>135 to 145 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical sign or symptom of hypernatremia?

    <p>Agitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can cause hyponatremia?

    <p>Severe diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is a common electrolyte found in the Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these fluids is hypotonic?

    <p>0.45% NaCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these formulas is used to calculate maintenance fluid requirements?

    <p>30-35 mL/kg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these fluids distributes into multiple compartments in the body?

    <p>Crystalloids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypermagnesemia?

    <p>Fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following primarily regulates the concentration of chloride in the body?

    <p>Renal proximal tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels?

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Muscle cramps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolytes primarily occurs intracellularly?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when a fluid imbalance exists?

    <p>Fluid distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolytes primarily occurs extracellularly?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid type is considered hypertonic?

    <p>Lactated Ringer's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary electrolyte found in 0.45% NaCl?

    <p>Chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical sign or symptom of hypermagnesemia?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula is used to calculate the daily fluid requirements for a 70 kg patient?

    <p>70 mL/kg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary cation in the intracellular space?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physiologic role of potassium?

    <p>Regulation of muscle and nerve excitability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypokalemia?

    <p>Skeletal muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Anorexia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for serum calcium levels?

    <p>8.6 - 10.2 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hypophosphatemia?

    <p>Increased renal excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels?

    <p>8 – 23 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hypovolemic hypernatremia?

    <p>Severe diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypernatremia?

    <p>Dry mucous membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for serum potassium (K+) levels?

    <p>3.8 - 5.0 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the major regulating factor for body fluid balance?

    <p>Sodium (Na+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolytes primarily occurs intracellularly?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Hypoparathyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?

    <p>Cardiac arrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fluids is considered hypertonic?

    <p>Lactated Ringer's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary electrolyte found in 0.9% NaCl (normal saline)?

    <p>Chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hypervolemic hypernatremia?

    <p>Excessive sodium intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when a patient has a fluid imbalance?

    <p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hypokalemia?

    <p>Renal losses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypernatremia?

    <p>Cardiac arrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypomagnesemia?

    <p>EKG changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hypervolemic hypernatremia?

    <p>Hyperaldosteronism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for serum sodium levels?

    <p>135 to 145 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary electrolyte found in 0.45% NaCl?

    <p>Chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these fluids is hypotonic?

    <p>5% Dextrose in Water (D5W)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hyperchloremia?

    <p>Fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Thiazides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypophosphatemia?

    <p>Confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hypermagnesemia?

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

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