57 Questions
Which electrolyte primarily occurs intracellularly?
Potassium
What is the primary role of electrolytes within the human body?
Facilitating nerve impulses
What are the fluid compartments in the body?
Extracellular, intravascular, interstitial
Which cation is the primary intracellular cation?
Potassium
What is the physiologic role of potassium?
Regulation of muscle and nerve excitability
What is the primary concern when a potassium imbalance exists?
Cardiovascular system
What are possible treatments for hyperkalemia?
All of the above
Which of the following is the most abundant cation in the extracellular fluid?
Sodium (Na+)
Which of the following is the normal range for serum sodium levels?
135 to 145 mEq/L
Which of the following is a clinical sign or symptom of hypernatremia?
Agitation
Which of the following can cause hyponatremia?
Severe diarrhea
Which one of these is a common electrolyte found in the Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)?
Potassium
Which one of these fluids is hypotonic?
0.45% NaCl
Which one of these formulas is used to calculate maintenance fluid requirements?
30-35 mL/kg/day
Which one of these fluids distributes into multiple compartments in the body?
Crystalloids
Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypermagnesemia?
Fatigue
Which of the following primarily regulates the concentration of chloride in the body?
Renal proximal tubules
Which of the following is a cause of increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels?
Dehydration
Which of the following is a symptom of hypocalcemia?
Muscle cramps
Which of the following electrolytes primarily occurs intracellularly?
Potassium
What is the primary concern when a fluid imbalance exists?
Fluid distribution
Which of the following electrolytes primarily occurs extracellularly?
Sodium
Which fluid type is considered hypertonic?
Lactated Ringer's
What is the primary electrolyte found in 0.45% NaCl?
Chloride
Which of the following is a clinical sign or symptom of hypermagnesemia?
Muscle weakness
Which formula is used to calculate the daily fluid requirements for a 70 kg patient?
70 mL/kg/day
Which of the following is the primary cation in the intracellular space?
Potassium
What is the physiologic role of potassium?
Regulation of muscle and nerve excitability
Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypokalemia?
Skeletal muscle weakness
Which of the following is a cause of increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels?
Hyperkalemia
Which of the following is a symptom of hypercalcemia?
Anorexia
What is the normal range for serum calcium levels?
8.6 - 10.2 mg/dL
Which of the following is a cause of hypophosphatemia?
Increased renal excretion
What is the normal range for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels?
8 – 23 mg/dL
Which of the following is a cause of hypovolemic hypernatremia?
Severe diarrhea
Which of the following is a symptom of hypernatremia?
Dry mucous membranes
What is the normal range for serum potassium (K+) levels?
3.8 - 5.0 mEq/L
Which of the following is the major regulating factor for body fluid balance?
Sodium (Na+)
Which of the following electrolytes primarily occurs intracellularly?
Potassium
Which of the following is a cause of hypocalcemia?
Hypoparathyroidism
Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?
Cardiac arrhythmias
Which of the following fluids is considered hypertonic?
Lactated Ringer's
What is the primary electrolyte found in 0.9% NaCl (normal saline)?
Chloride
Which of the following is a cause of hypervolemic hypernatremia?
Excessive sodium intake
What is the primary concern when a patient has a fluid imbalance?
Hypovolemia
Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?
Muscle weakness
Which of the following is a cause of hypokalemia?
Renal losses
Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypernatremia?
Cardiac arrhythmias
Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypomagnesemia?
EKG changes
Which of the following is a cause of hypervolemic hypernatremia?
Hyperaldosteronism
What is the normal range for serum sodium levels?
135 to 145 mEq/L
What is the primary electrolyte found in 0.45% NaCl?
Chloride
Which one of these fluids is hypotonic?
5% Dextrose in Water (D5W)
Which of the following is a symptom of hyperchloremia?
Fatigue
Which of the following is a cause of hypercalcemia?
Thiazides
Which of the following is a sign/symptom of hypophosphatemia?
Confusion
Which of the following is a cause of hypermagnesemia?
Dehydration
Test your knowledge on assessing fluid status in patients. This quiz covers patient-specific characteristics, medical history, medications, objective data, physical exam, and laboratory values. Learn about clinical signs and symptoms of dehydration and how to interpret findings such as blood pressure, mucous membranes, skin turgor, electrolytes, glucose, protein, and more.
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