Questions and Answers
What is diarrhea?
Occurs when stools contain more water than normal, and are loose or watery, defined as three or more loose or watery stools in a 24-hour period.
What most commonly causes dehydration in diarrhea?
Loose or watery stools.
What is cholera?
A small proportion of all loose or watery diarrheas.
What is an episode of diarrhea that lasts less than 14 days?
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What lasts 14 days or more?
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What is diarrhea with blood in the stool called?
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Acute diarrhea lasts ____ days.
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Persistent diarrhea lasts ____ days or more.
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What do all children with diarrhea need to be classified for?
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If a child has had diarrhea for 14 days or more, what should they be classified for?
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If a child has blood in the stool, what should they be classified for?
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What are the three classifications for dehydration?
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What signifies severe dehydration in a child?
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What treatment is needed for a child classified with severe dehydration?
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What classification applies if a child shows signs of some dehydration?
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What classification applies if a child does not exhibit signs of dehydration?
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What is the first rule of home treatment for diarrhea?
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What should be given as the second rule of home treatment?
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What is the third rule of home treatment?
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Study Notes
Diarrhea Overview
- Diarrhea is characterized by loose or watery stools, with three or more instances in a 24-hour period.
- Loose or watery diarrhea often leads to dehydration.
Types of Diarrhea in Children
- Acute Diarrhea: Lasts less than 14 days; often causes dehydration and malnutrition; primary cause of death in affected children.
- Persistent Diarrhea: Lasts 14 days or longer; up to 20% of acute cases become persistent, leading to nutritional issues and increased mortality.
- Dysentery: Involves blood in stool, can include mucus; most commonly caused by Shigella bacteria; not frequently seen in young children.
Classification of Diarrhea
- Children with diarrhea are classified based on the duration and presence of symptoms:
- Severe Dehydration: Indicated by signs such as lethargy, inability to drink, sunken eyes, or slow skin pinch.
- Some Dehydration: Identified by restlessness, thirstiness, or slow skin pinch.
- No Dehydration: Lacks signs of dehydration; requires extra fluids and nutritious foods.
Treatment Protocol
- Immediate actions for Severe Dehydration involve administering IV (intravenous) fluids.
- Home treatment includes:
- Giving extra fluids to the child to prevent dehydration.
- Providing zinc supplements to support recovery.
- Continuing feeding to ensure proper nutrition.
- Monitoring for danger signs and seeking medical help if symptoms worsen or blood is present in stool.
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Description
This quiz focuses on important terms and definitions related to diarrhea, its causes, and classifications. Each flashcard presents critical information that will enhance your understanding of gastrointestinal health issues. Perfect for healthcare students and professionals.
