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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prions?

  • They can cause neurodegenerative diseases like Mad Cow Disease
  • They can be destroyed by boiling or autoclaving (correct)
  • They are infectious agents composed solely of proteins
  • They lack genetic material (DNA or RNA)
  • Which quantum number describes the shape of an atomic orbital?

  • Principal quantum number (n)
  • Magnetic quantum number (ml)
  • Spin quantum number (ms)
  • Angular momentum quantum number (l) (correct)
  • The greenhouse effect is primarily caused by the absorption of infrared radiation by which gas?

  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) (correct)
  • Oxygen gas (O2)
  • Helium gas (He)
  • Nitrogen gas (N2)
  • According to the theory of relativity, what happens to the mass of an object as its velocity approaches the speed of light?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which energy is transferred in a star like the Sun?

    <p>Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which geologic process is responsible for the formation of mountain ranges like the Himalayas?

    <p>Plate tectonics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical dilemma associated with the use of embryonic stem cells for research?

    <p>Difficulty in obtaining stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it difficult to detect dark matter directly?

    <p>It does not emit light or interact with most forms of matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?

    <p>Energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process occurs in the small intestine?

    <p>Absorption of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA?

    <p>James Watson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which water moves through a plant, from the roots to the leaves?

    <p>Transpiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is a noble gas?

    <p>Argon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with the development of the periodic table?

    <p>Dmitri Mendeleev</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which an object's velocity increases as it moves closer to a source of gravitational pull?

    <p>Acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of wave requires a medium to propagate?

    <p>Mechanical wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Structure and Function

    • Mitochondria are primarily responsible for energy production within a cell.
    • The small intestine is the primary location for nutrient absorption during digestion.
    • Cells are known as the "building blocks of life," forming the basis of all living organisms.

    Key Scientific Discoveries

    • James Watson is recognized for discovering the structure of DNA.
    • Dmitri Mendeleev developed the periodic table, organizing elements by their properties.
    • Isaac Newton formulated the laws of motion, establishing foundational principles in physics.

    Biological Processes

    • Transpiration refers to the movement of water from the roots to the leaves in plants.
    • CRISPR-Cas9 technology is utilized primarily for genetically modifying crops.
    • Prions are infectious agents made solely of proteins, lacking DNA or RNA, and can cause neurodegenerative diseases; they cannot be destroyed by boiling.

    Physics and Waves

    • Acceleration occurs when an object's velocity increases towards a gravitational source.
    • Mechanical waves, including sound waves, require a medium to propagate, unlike electromagnetic waves.

    Environmental Science

    • The greenhouse effect results from infrared radiation absorption primarily by carbon dioxide (CO2).
    • The difficulty in detecting dark matter is due to its non-emission of light and minimal interaction with regular matter.

    Astronomical and Geologic Concepts

    • Energy in stars like the Sun is primarily transferred through radiation.
    • Mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas, are formed by the process of plate tectonics.

    Ethical Considerations in Science

    • Research on embryonic stem cells raises ethical dilemmas, particularly concerning the difficulty in obtaining stem cells.

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