Questions and Answers
What is the term for increased redness in tissues?
What color is associated with tissue congestion?
Blue
Brown deviation is always abnormal.
False
A ______ tissue deviation may be described as confined to a limited space with a border.
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What appearance describes a deviation with a stalk?
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What type of tissue deviation consists of small elevations filled with fluid?
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What is the typical description of an ulcer?
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Match the following colors with their associated tissue deviations:
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A papule is a deep and enlarged elevation of tissue.
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What does ASA I classification indicate about patients?
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Study Notes
Color Deviations in Tissue
- Red (Erythema): Increased vascularity leads to engorgement with blood, causing redness.
- Blue (Cyanosis): Stagnation of blood causes a blue appearance, commonly seen in chronic inflammation.
- Brown (Melanotic): Caused by melanin from melanocytes; normal occurrences include freckles and brown patches in oral mucosa.
- White: Surface may appear white but can be wiped off to reveal a red, bleeding surface; hyperkeratosis presents as a non-wipeable thickened layer.
Descriptions of Tissue Deviations
- Circumscribed: Confined to a specific area with clear borders, as seen in cheek bites.
- Confluent: Previously separate areas blend together over time.
- Sessile: Features a broad base, resembling a bump; warts are common examples.
- Pedunculated: Characterized by a stalk, often invisible until touched.
Tissue Elevation Types
- Raised: Elevated above the surrounding area; palatal rugae illustrate this type.
- Vesicular: Small fluid-filled elevations; blisters exemplify this characteristic.
- Macular: Flat patches with altered color; physiologic pigmentation classified as macules.
- Papule: Small solid elevations; accidental tongue bites can lead to papules.
- Nodule: Enlarged papules located deeper in the sub-mucosa or dermis.
Tissue Defects
- Erosion: Shallow surface defects not extending through the epithelium.
- Ulcer: Deeper crater-like defects in mucous membranes, reaching beneath the epithelial surface; canker sores are a common form.
Tumors and Fluid Plans
- Tumor: Solid growths that may be benign or neoplastic, characterized by size, shape, and surface texture.
- Fluctuant: Contains fluid; blisters and superficial deviations like cheek bites exemplify this.
- Deep: Extends below the surface into underlying tissues, e.g., amalgam tattoos embedded in deeper tissues.
- Papillary: Shows small cauliflower-like projections; warts are classic examples.
ASA Classification
- ASA I: Refers to patients who are normal and healthy without systemic disease, capable of exertion like climbing stairs without distress. This group presents minimal risk and is considered a "green flag" for treatment.
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Description
Explore the essential terms and concepts related to the ASA classification and blood pressure guidelines through this flashcard quiz. Test your understanding of critical definitions and their implications in medical practice. Enhance your knowledge of color deviations and vascularity in tissues.
