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Questions and Answers
Which characteristic is NOT mentioned as an advantage of the course?
Which characteristic is NOT mentioned as an advantage of the course?
What is the primary focus of reasoning in this course?
What is the primary focus of reasoning in this course?
What must be satisfied in a typical reasoning problem according to the example provided?
What must be satisfied in a typical reasoning problem according to the example provided?
What does Claudia's condition about Daria and Fabiola indicate?
What does Claudia's condition about Daria and Fabiola indicate?
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According to the example, what happens if Ana invites Daria?
According to the example, what happens if Ana invites Daria?
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What aspect does the course classify logic as?
What aspect does the course classify logic as?
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What is the primary focus of the course as indicated by the syllabus?
What is the primary focus of the course as indicated by the syllabus?
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Which topic is NOT mentioned as part of the course programme?
Which topic is NOT mentioned as part of the course programme?
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What implication can be drawn if Fabiola is invited?
What implication can be drawn if Fabiola is invited?
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Why is reasoning considered important for critical applications?
Why is reasoning considered important for critical applications?
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What is advised for students to manage the difficulty of the course?
What is advised for students to manage the difficulty of the course?
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When is the office hour scheduled for this course?
When is the office hour scheduled for this course?
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How is the final grade for the course determined?
How is the final grade for the course determined?
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Which statement reflects the aim of the exercises in the course?
Which statement reflects the aim of the exercises in the course?
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What does the course require in regards to students' learning approach?
What does the course require in regards to students' learning approach?
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What method is suggested to clarify doubts during the course?
What method is suggested to clarify doubts during the course?
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What characterizes System 1 thinking?
What characterizes System 1 thinking?
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What is a significant drawback of deep learning?
What is a significant drawback of deep learning?
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How can System 1 be described in terms of its adaptability?
How can System 1 be described in terms of its adaptability?
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What does Symbolic AI primarily utilize to perform reasoning?
What does Symbolic AI primarily utilize to perform reasoning?
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What is a common misconception about the capabilities of AI systems based on System 1?
What is a common misconception about the capabilities of AI systems based on System 1?
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Which statement about deep learning models is true?
Which statement about deep learning models is true?
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What does the term 'hallucinations' refer to in deep learning?
What does the term 'hallucinations' refer to in deep learning?
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What differentiates System 2 from System 1?
What differentiates System 2 from System 1?
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Study Notes
Artificial Intelligence
- Artificial intelligence concerns machines displaying intelligent qualities.
- Not necessarily equivalent to simulating human cognitive attributes, often intersects with it.
Thinking Fast and Slow
- Two separate thought processes: System 1 and System 2.
- System 1 is fast, automatic, subconscious, "intuitive," and operates on reflexes.
- System 2 is slow, effortful, conscious, “logical,” and operates on purpose.
Hardwired
- System 1 is a hardwired mechanism that reacts immediately to stimuli.
- Useful for simple tasks and pattern following, but can be easily fooled.
- Creating and modifying it can be very expensive as it is a rigid structure.
Pareidolia
- A phenomenon where random stimuli are perceived as meaningful patterns.
Deep Learning
- Useful for many things but has limitations.
- Drawbacks: lack of interpretability, “hallucinations,” static, disregard existing knowledge.
- A deep learning model is an opinion formed stochastically on digested data.
No Double Check
- No process to refine, verify, or correct perception or generation.
Symbolic AI
- Analogous to System 2.
- Manipulates symbols to extract consequences and make decisions.
- Performs reasoning, which are valid inferences.
- Concerned with guarantees, only answers which are certain.
Advantages of Symbolic AI
- Interpretability
- Correctness guarantees
- Flexibility
- Modularity
- “Humbleness”
- No ambiguity
Logic
- A language without the nuances, used to express and manipulate knowledge.
- Associates expressions with their meaning.
Reasoning
- Focuses on guarantees and certainty in answers.
- Important for critical applications.
Example: Party Planning
- Ana wants Daria or Eric to be present.
- Bob does not like Eric and Fabiola; at least one should be excluded.
- Claudia does not want Daria, unless Fabiola is present.
- The constraints of every organizer must be satisfied, no approximations or heuristics.
- Answer requires careful analysis.
Solution to Party Planning Example
- If Daria is invited, Fabiola must come (Claudia’s constraint).
- If Eric is invited, Fabiola cannot come (Bob’s constraint).
- There are two possible invites: Daria and Fabiola, or Eric only.
- It is unknown if George is invited.
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Description
Explore the fascinating interplay between artificial intelligence concepts and the cognitive frameworks presented in 'Thinking, Fast and Slow.' This quiz delves into System 1 and System 2 thinking, the implications of deep learning, and phenomenons like pareidolia. Test your understanding of how these elements intersect and affect intelligent behavior.
