Artificial Intelligence and Its Criminal Uses

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Questions and Answers

What does Artificial General Intelligence aim to achieve?

Limit itself to specific tasks

Only mimic human beings

Become self-aware and conscious (correct)

Perform tasks without any intelligence

Machine learning is not a subset of artificial intelligence.

False

What is the primary goal of the AI described in Bostrom's example?

To make as many paper clips as possible

The AI 'DeepPhish' is designed to automatically learn from other __________ to avoid spam filters.

phishing attacks Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their respective definitions:

Artificial General Intelligence = Self-aware AI that can reason and adapt Machine Learning = Training machines using unseen data DeepFake = Forged content, often non-consensual Phishing = Cyber attacks starting with deceptive emails Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of cyber-attacks start with a phishing email?

91% Signup and view all the answers

AI is considered an artefact with no accountability for its actions.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the major issue highlighted regarding AI goals in Bostrom's example?

Value misalignment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Risk Terrain Modelling?

To identify places at high risk of crime distribution Signup and view all the answers

HunchLab does not consider contextual variables in its forecasting.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the LAPD's initiative that utilizes Palantir for automated profiling?

Operation Laser Signup and view all the answers

Criminals make _____ choices about whether to commit crimes based on target suitability and risk of detection.

rational Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Risk Terrain Modelling = Identification of high-risk crime areas HunchLab = Forecasting crime using various contextual data Operation Laser = Automated profiling and surveillance by LAPD ACCICs = Production of daily mission maps for crime analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following attributes does the LAPD use to target individuals?

Date and duration of calls Signup and view all the answers

Geographical and temporal features have no effect on crime patterns.

False Signup and view all the answers

Crime is conceived as being concentrated in _____ and time.

space Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern regarding AI in the context of criminal activity?

Use of AI as an 'independent' criminal intermediary Signup and view all the answers

The Chicago School theory emphasizes the role of environmental factors in crime causation.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Operation LASER' aim to achieve in crime intervention?

Non-invasive extraction of offenders. Signup and view all the answers

The proliferation of out-of-the-box AI-Crime toolkits poses a challenge for __________ systems.

Internet-of-Things Signup and view all the answers

Match the following predictive policing concepts with their descriptions:

Routine Activities Theory = Examines how daily activities contribute to crime occurrence Evidence-based policing = Uses empirical evidence to guide law enforcement policies Problem-oriented policing = Focuses on identifying and solving specific crime risks Crime Pattern Theory = Investigates spatial and temporal patterns in crime Signup and view all the answers

Which statement aligns with the viewpoint of Ex-LAPD Chief Bill Bratton regarding technology in policing?

Using technology for preventive measures is generally accepted. Signup and view all the answers

The Chicago School's research on crime is primarily focused on psychological factors.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does the predictive policing program 'Predpol' utilize to forecast crime risks?

Crime type, location, and time of the crime. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial General Intelligence is a universal algorithm with self-awareness, capable of creating, reasoning, and adapting like humans and animals
Aims to surpass human performance in certain areas
McCarthy defined AI as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines"
Machine learning is a subset of AI, training machines to predict or classify unseen data
Value mis-alignment is a concern, where an AI's goal (e.g., maximizing paperclips) could conflict with human interests.
Ethical question arises regarding accountability for AI actions in the context of criminal offences under national or international law
AI can act as a proxy for criminal intent (mens rea)

Criminal Uses of AI

Phishing attacks frequently use AI to learn from past attacks and avoid detection
AI-generated deepfakes are used to create non-consensual pornographic material
AI systems can be used for disinformation, propaganda, and system vulnerabilities.

Predictive Policing

Predictive policing uses data analysis to predict crime hotspots.
It models crime patterns using data like location, time, and type of crime.
Predictive policing uses self-exciting point processes (similar to predicting earthquakes) to analyze spatial crime distributions.
It uses spatial and raster data on crime to model crime patterns, and identify locations at high risk, including human-friendly data models.

Operation LASER

Police use AI tools to track and analyze crime data from various sources (CCTV, ALPR, body-worn cameras, etc.).
Attempts to create predictive data models of crime based on patterns and characteristics.
Data is combined with information from other government agencies, creating crime profiling and targeting.

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Description

Explore the multifaceted nature of Artificial Intelligence (AI), including its definition, capabilities, and ethical considerations. This quiz also delves into the dark side of AI, highlighting its applications in criminal activities such as phishing and deepfakes. Understand the implications of AI in the modern legal landscape and its potential for misalignment with human values.