Arthropod-borne Viruses and Diseases Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following diseases has a vaccine available?

  • Zika
  • Dengue Fever (correct)
  • West Nile Virus
  • Chikungunya

    • What is a major risk factor associated with a higher mortality rate from West Nile Virus?

  • Living in urban areas
  • Age over 60 (correct)
  • Exposure to tropical environments
  • Having a prior infection

    • Which of the following arthropod-borne diseases can result in microcephaly?

  • Yellow Fever
  • Zika Virus (correct)
  • Malaria
  • Lyme Disease

    • Which transmission pattern is NOT associated with Yellow Fever?

    <p>Rural</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Chikungunya Virus?

    <p>High fever and severe joint pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Yellow Fever is true?

    <p>It can cause fatal bleeding and jaundice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary vector for the transmission of Zika Virus?

    <p>Mosquitos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is most commonly associated with a reservoir in wild birds?

    <p>West Nile Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases has both a vaccine and multiple strains?

    <p>Dengue Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom associated with Chikungunya Virus?

    <p>Persistent joint pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is transmitted through both mosquitoes and sexual contact?

    <p>Zika</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary vector for the transmission of West Nile Virus?

    <p>Mosquitoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What transmission pattern is unique to Yellow Fever?

    <p>Urban</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible symptom of Zika Virus?

    <p>Skin rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases has both asymptomatic cases and a higher mortality rate in older adults?

    <p>West Nile Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arthropod-borne disease is endemic to Africa and has a specific vector related to wild birds?

    <p>West Nile Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is characterized by multiple viral strains and is known to be the most common borne insect disease worldwide?

    <p>Dengue Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transmission is NOT associated with Zika Virus?

    <p>Fecal-oral transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these arthropod-borne diseases is known to cause significant liver and renal damage along with bleeding?

    <p>Yellow Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes and is often associated with travel to tropical regions?

    <p>Dengue Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Dengue Fever is accurate?

    <p>It has four different viral strains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true regarding the transmission patterns of Yellow Fever?

    <p>There are three transmission patterns: jungle, urban, and intermediate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the West Nile Virus?

    <p>It is transmitted by mosquitoes and has no available vaccine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is uniquely associated with the possibility of vertical transmission?

    <p>Zika Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is characterized by low mortality rate and quick recovery?

    <p>Chikungunya Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Arthropod-borne Viruses

    • Yellow Fever, Dengue Fever, Zika, Chikungunya, and West Nile are transmitted by arthropods.
    • Yellow Fever is rare in the USA, but endemic to Africa and South America.
    • Dengue Fever is the most common arthropod-borne disease worldwide.
    • West Nile Virus is endemic in Africa, but has emerged in the Americas.
    • Zika Virus is transmitted via mosquitos, sexual contact, and vertical transmission.
    • There are vaccines for Yellow Fever and Dengue Fever. No vaccines are available for West Nile Virus or Zika Virus.
    • West Nile virus can cause neurologic complications in a small percentage of people.
    • Zika Virus can cause microencephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome in some individuals.

    Arthropod-borne Bacteria

    • Lyme disease, Babesiosis, Plague, and Bartonella are transmitted by arthropods.

    Arthropod-borne Parasites

    • Malaria, Babesiosis, and Sleeping Sickness are transmitted by arthropods.

    Arthropod-Borne Diseases

    • Arthropod-borne diseases are caused by viruses, bacteria, and parasites that are transmitted to humans through the bites of arthropods, such as mosquitos, ticks, and fleas.
    • Arthropod-borne diseases are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
    • Arthropod-borne diseases can cause mild to severe illness.
    • Some arthropod-borne diseases have vaccines.

    Viral Diseases

    • Yellow Fever
      • Transmitted via mosquitos in tropical regions of South America and Africa.
      • Three transmission patterns: jungle, urban, and intermediate.
      • Symptoms may include fever, jaundice, and bleeding.
      • A vaccine is available.
    • Dengue Fever
      • Transmitted via mosquitos in tropical and subtropical regions.
      • Four different viral strains.
      • Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, rash, and fatigue.
      • A vaccine is available.
    • West Nile Virus
      • Transmitted via mosquitos in endemic areas of Africa, the Middle East, Europe, Asia, and North America.
      • Wild birds are the primary reservoir.
      • People over 60 have a higher mortality rate.
      • Most people are asymptomatic, while some experience mild symptoms.
      • No vaccine is available.
    • Zika Virus
      • Transmitted via mosquitos in tropical and subtropical regions.
      • Can also be transmitted sexually and vertically (from mother to fetus).
      • Symptoms include fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis.
      • Can cause microencephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults.
      • No vaccine is available.
    • Chikungunya Virus
      • Transmitted via mosquitos in tropical and subtropical regions.
      • Associated with travel to endemic areas.
      • Symptoms include fever, joint pain, headache, muscle pain, rash, and fatigue.
      • Most people recover within a week with no lasting health effects.

    Bacterial Diseases

    • Lyme Disease
      • Transmitted via ticks in temperate regions of the world.
      • Symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, and a characteristic rash called erythema migrans.
      • Can lead to arthritis, neurological problems, and heart problems if untreated.
      • Antibiotics are used to treat Lyme disease.
    • Babesiosis
      • Transmitted via ticks in North America and Europe.
      • Symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, and chills.
      • Can cause a severe, life-threatening infection in people with weakened immune systems.
      • Treatment involves intravenous antibiotics.
    • Plague
      • Transmitted via fleas that have fed on infected animals.
      • Symptoms include sudden onset of fever, headache, chills, weakness, and enlarged lymph nodes.
      • Can be fatal if untreated.
      • Antibiotics are used to treat plague.
    • Bartonella
      • Transmitted via cat scratches, flea bites, and tick bites.
      • Symptoms include fever, fatigue, headache, and a rash.
      • Can lead to a range of complications, including endocarditis, blood clots, and neurological problems.
      • Antibiotics are used to treat Bartonella infections.

    Parasitic Diseases

    • Malaria
      • Transmitted via mosquitos in tropical and subtropical regions.
      • Symptoms include fever, chills, sweating, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue.
      • Can cause severe complications, including coma and death.
      • Treated with antimalarial drugs.
    • Babesiosis
      • Transmitted via ticks in North America and Europe.
      • Symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, and chills.
      • Can cause a severe, life-threatening infection in people with weakened immune systems.
      • Treatment involves intravenous antibiotics.
    • Sleeping sickness
      • Transmitted to humans via tsetse flies in Africa.
      • Symptoms include fever, headache, and joint pain.
      • Stage one progresses into Stage two, where the disease invades the brain.
      • Treatment includes drugs like melarsoprol and eflornithine.

    Arthropod-Borne Viruses

    • Yellow Fever: A viral disease transmitted by mosquitos, primarily found in tropical regions of Africa and South America. Three transmission patterns exist: jungle, urban, and intermediate. Symptoms include fever, jaundice, and potentially fatal bleeding. A vaccine is available.
    • Dengue Fever: The most common arthropod-borne disease globally, caused by four different viral strains. Spread through mosquitos. Symptoms vary but can include fever, rash, and joint pain. A vaccine is available.
    • West Nile Virus: A virus endemic to Africa but now present in the Americas. Birds are the reservoir and mosquitos are the vector. While most people (80%) are asymptomatic, 20% may experience symptoms. People over 60 have a higher mortality rate. Neurologic complications are rare. No vaccine is available.
    • Zika Virus: Spread by mosquitos, but also through sexual and vertical transmission. Symptoms include fever, rash, joint pain, and red eyes. Complications include microencephaly (in infants) and Guillain-Barré syndrome. No vaccine available.
    • Chikungunya Virus: Transmitted through mosquitos, often associated with travel to endemic areas. Characterized by fever and joint pain. Mortality rate is low, and most people recover within a week.

    Arthropod-Borne Bacteria

    • Lyme Disease: Spread through the bite of infected ticks. Symptoms include rash, fever, headache, fatigue, and muscle/joint pain.
    • Babesiosis: Transmitted through infected ticks, the primary reservoir being mice. Symptoms include fever, headache, chills, and fatigue.
    • Plague: Caused by bacteria spread through the bite of infected fleas. Two main forms: bubonic (swollen lymph nodes) and pneumonic (affecting lungs).
    • Bartonella: Spread through the bite of infected fleas, ticks, or mites. Symptoms can include fever, headache, and rash.

    Arthropod-Borne Parasites

    • Malaria: Transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitos. Symptoms include fever, chills, sweating, headache, and muscle aches.
    • Babesiosis: Transmitted through infected ticks. Symptoms include fever, headache, chills, and fatigue.
    • Sleeping Sickness: Transmitted through the bite of infected tsetse flies. Symptoms include fever, headaches, and eventually neurological decline including coma and death.

    Arthropod-borne Diseases

    • Yellow fever, dengue fever, Zika, chikungunya, and West Nile are all viral diseases transmitted by arthropods.
    • Lyme disease, babesiosis, plague, and bartonella are bacterial diseases transmitted by arthropods.
    • Malaria, babesiosis, and sleeping sickness are parasitic diseases transmitted by arthropods.
    • Yellow fever is rare in the USA, but endemic in the tropics of Africa and South America.
    • Dengue fever is the most common arthropod-borne disease worldwide.
    • West Nile Virus is endemic to Africa but has spread to America.
    • Zika Virus can be transmitted through mosquitos, sexual contact, and vertically from mother to fetus.
    • Chikungunya Virus is associated with travel to endemic areas and causes fever and joint pain.
    • There is a vaccine available for yellow fever and dengue fever.
    • There is no vaccine available for West Nile, Zika, or Chikungunya.
    • People over 60 have a higher mortality rate for West Nile Virus.
    • Zika can cause microencephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome.
    • Chikungunya has a low mortality rate and symptoms often resolve within a week.

    Yellow Fever

    • Yellow fever is transmitted through three patterns: jungle, urban, and intermediate.
    • Yellow fever can cause fatal bleeding and jaundice, often accompanied by liver and renal hemorrhage.

    Dengue Fever

    • There are four different viral strains of dengue fever.
    • Dengue fever can cause a wide range of symptoms.

    West Nile Virus

    • Wild birds are the reservoir for West Nile Virus, and mosquitoes are the vectors.
    • West Nile Virus is mostly asymptomatic, but some people experience flu-like symptoms.
    • Neurologic complications from West Nile Virus are rare.

    Zika Virus

    • Zika Virus can be transmitted through mosquitoes, sexual contact, and vertically from mother to fetus.
    • Zika symptoms include fever, skin rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis.

    Chikungunya Virus

    • Chikungunya is primarily associated with travel to endemic areas.
    • Chikungunya causes fever and joint pain.
    • While the mortality rate is low, joint pain can persist for months or years.

    Arthropod-borne Diseases

    • Arthropod-borne diseases are spread by insects and arachnids.
    • These diseases are classified into three categories: viral, bacterial, and parasitic.
    • Viral diseases include yellow fever, dengue fever, Zika, chikungunya, and West Nile virus.
    • Bacterial diseases include Lyme disease, babesiosis, plague, and Bartonella.
    • Parasitic diseases include malaria, babesiosis, and sleeping sickness.

    Yellow Fever

    • Yellow fever is a viral disease spread by infected mosquitos.
    • The disease is primarily found in tropical regions of Africa and South America.
    • There are three transmission patterns: jungle, urban, and intermediate.
    • The virus can cause fatal bleeding, jaundice, and liver and renal hemorrhage.
    • A vaccine is available for yellow fever.

    Dengue Fever

    • Dengue fever is a viral disease caused by four different strains of the dengue virus.
    • It is the most common mosquito-borne disease in the world.
    • The virus can cause a variety of symptoms, including fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, rash, and nausea.
    • A vaccine is available for dengue fever.

    West Nile Virus

    • West Nile virus is a viral disease spread by infected mosquitos.
    • It is endemic to Africa but has spread to America, Europe and Asia, and Australia
    • Wild birds are the primary reservoir for West Nile virus, and mosquitos are the vector.
    • The mortality rate is higher for people over 60 years old.
    • Neurological complications are rare.
    • There is no vaccine available for West Nile virus.
    • Approximately 80% of people infected with West Nile virus are asymptomatic.
    • About 20% of people infected with West Nile virus experience symptoms, such as fever, headache, body aches, rash, and swollen lymph nodes.

    Zika Virus

    • Zika virus is a viral disease spread by infected mosquitos.
    • Sexual transmission of Zika virus is possible.
    • Vertical transmission of Zika virus (from mother to fetus) is also possible.
    • There is no vaccine available for Zika virus.
    • Symptoms of Zika virus include fever, rash, joint pain, conjunctivitis, and headache.
    • Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause microcephaly and other birth defects in the baby.
    • Zika virus can also cause Guillain-Barré syndrome.

    Chikungunya Virus

    • Chikungunya virus is a viral disease spread by infected mosquitos.
    • The virus is associated with travel to endemic areas.
    • Chikungunya virus causes fever and severe joint pain.
    • The mortality rate is low, and most people recover within a week.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on arthropod-borne viruses, including Yellow Fever, Dengue Fever, Zika, and West Nile. Learn about their transmission, prevalence, and available vaccines. This quiz also covers the bacterial and parasitic diseases associated with arthropod vectors.

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