Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis Prevention Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which class of medications used to reduce lipid levels may require close monitoring in patients receiving long-term therapy?

  • Nicotinic acid
  • Bile acid sequestrants (correct)
  • Cholesterol absorption inhibitors
  • Fibric acid inhibitors

    • What is a major risk factor for the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

  • Hypertension (correct)
  • Hypotension
  • Diabetes
  • Low cholesterol levels

    • What is recommended for the elimination of all controllable risk factors, particularly nicotine use?

  • Pharmacotherapy
  • Meditation
  • Strongly recommended (correct)
  • Regular exercise

    • Which surgical procedures provide blood supply from the aorta into the femoral artery?

    <p>Inflow procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do endovascular therapies involve?

    <p>Puncture or small incision to repair blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of generalized atherosclerosis and may be a marker of atherosclerosis in other arterial territories?

    <p>Intermittent claudication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the American Heart Association recommend to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

    <p>Reducing fat intake, substituting unsaturated fats for saturated fats, and decreasing cholesterol intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of medications are used to reduce blood lipid levels as part of disease prevention efforts?

    <p>Statins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the ACC/AHA guidelines, what is recommended as first-line therapy in patients with PAD for secondary prevention and cardiovascular risk reduction?

    <p>Statins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme do HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) target?

    <p>$3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diet modification is recommended for disease prevention efforts?

    <p>$Reducing fat intake, substituting unsaturated fats for saturated fats, and decreasing cholesterol intake$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common medication that may be used as a supplement to dietary modification and exercise to reduce blood lipid levels?

    <p>$Atorvastatin$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does intermittent claudication indicate?

    <p>$Atherosclerosis in other arterial territories$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of generalized atherosclerosis?

    <p>$Intermittent claudication$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suspicion that a high-fat diet contributes to atherosclerosis lead to?

    <p>$Measuring serum cholesterol and beginning disease prevention efforts that include diet modification$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of measuring serum cholesterol and beginning disease prevention efforts that include diet modification?

    <p>To reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fats does the American Heart Association recommend to substitute for saturated fats to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

    <p>Monounsaturated fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the first-line therapy medications recommended by the ACC/AHA in patients with PAD for secondary prevention and cardiovascular risk reduction?

    <p>3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major risk factor for the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do endovascular therapies involve?

    <p>Insertion of a stent to keep the artery open</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended by the American Heart Association to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

    <p>$\frac{1}{2}$ hour of daily vigorous exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does intermittent claudication indicate?

    <p>Reduced blood flow during exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surgical procedures provide blood supply from the aorta into the femoral artery?

    <p>Aortoiliac and aortofemoral bypass grafting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diet modification is recommended for disease prevention efforts?

    <p>Reducing cholesterol intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of generalized atherosclerosis and may be a marker of atherosclerosis in other arterial territories?

    <p>Intermittent claudication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suspicion that a high-fat diet contributes to atherosclerosis lead to?

    <p>Measurement of serum cholesterol and disease prevention efforts that include diet modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of medications used to reduce lipid levels may require close monitoring in patients receiving long-term therapy?

    <p>3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of management of atherosclerosis?

    <p>To improve circulation and functional capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of inflow surgical procedures for atherosclerosis?

    <p>To improve blood supply from the aorta into the femoral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of endovascular therapies in managing atherosclerosis?

    <p>To insert stents in affected blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) involve?

    <p>Improving blood supply from the aorta into the femoral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of atherectomy in managing atherosclerosis?

    <p>To reduce plaque buildup within an artery using a cutting device or laser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of angioplasty, atherectomy, stents, and stent grafts in managing atherosclerosis?

    <p>Decreased length of hospital stay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and atherectomy?

    <p>Hematoma formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are stents used for in managing atherosclerosis?

    <p>Prevent collapse of the walls of the artery immediately after balloon deflation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk factor for the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease?

    <p>Elimination of all controllable risk factors, particularly nicotine use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for patients receiving long-term therapy with medications to reduce lipid levels?

    <p>Close monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major aim of modifying risk factors in managing atherosclerosis?

    <p>To eliminate all controllable risk factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

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