Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis Prevention Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which class of medications used to reduce lipid levels may require close monitoring in patients receiving long-term therapy?

  • Nicotinic acid
  • Bile acid sequestrants (correct)
  • Cholesterol absorption inhibitors
  • Fibric acid inhibitors

What is a major risk factor for the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

  • Hypertension (correct)
  • Hypotension
  • Diabetes
  • Low cholesterol levels

What is recommended for the elimination of all controllable risk factors, particularly nicotine use?

  • Pharmacotherapy
  • Meditation
  • Strongly recommended (correct)
  • Regular exercise

Which surgical procedures provide blood supply from the aorta into the femoral artery?

<p>Inflow procedures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do endovascular therapies involve?

<p>Puncture or small incision to repair blood vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of generalized atherosclerosis and may be a marker of atherosclerosis in other arterial territories?

<p>Intermittent claudication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the American Heart Association recommend to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

<p>Reducing fat intake, substituting unsaturated fats for saturated fats, and decreasing cholesterol intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of medications are used to reduce blood lipid levels as part of disease prevention efforts?

<p>Statins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the ACC/AHA guidelines, what is recommended as first-line therapy in patients with PAD for secondary prevention and cardiovascular risk reduction?

<p>Statins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme do HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) target?

<p>$3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diet modification is recommended for disease prevention efforts?

<p>$Reducing fat intake, substituting unsaturated fats for saturated fats, and decreasing cholesterol intake$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common medication that may be used as a supplement to dietary modification and exercise to reduce blood lipid levels?

<p>$Atorvastatin$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does intermittent claudication indicate?

<p>$Atherosclerosis in other arterial territories$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of generalized atherosclerosis?

<p>$Intermittent claudication$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suspicion that a high-fat diet contributes to atherosclerosis lead to?

<p>$Measuring serum cholesterol and beginning disease prevention efforts that include diet modification$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of measuring serum cholesterol and beginning disease prevention efforts that include diet modification?

<p>To reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fats does the American Heart Association recommend to substitute for saturated fats to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

<p>Monounsaturated fats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the first-line therapy medications recommended by the ACC/AHA in patients with PAD for secondary prevention and cardiovascular risk reduction?

<p>3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major risk factor for the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

<p>Diabetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do endovascular therapies involve?

<p>Insertion of a stent to keep the artery open (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended by the American Heart Association to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

<p>$\frac{1}{2}$ hour of daily vigorous exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does intermittent claudication indicate?

<p>Reduced blood flow during exercise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical procedures provide blood supply from the aorta into the femoral artery?

<p>Aortoiliac and aortofemoral bypass grafting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diet modification is recommended for disease prevention efforts?

<p>Reducing cholesterol intake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of generalized atherosclerosis and may be a marker of atherosclerosis in other arterial territories?

<p>Intermittent claudication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suspicion that a high-fat diet contributes to atherosclerosis lead to?

<p>Measurement of serum cholesterol and disease prevention efforts that include diet modification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications used to reduce lipid levels may require close monitoring in patients receiving long-term therapy?

<p>3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of management of atherosclerosis?

<p>To improve circulation and functional capacity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of inflow surgical procedures for atherosclerosis?

<p>To improve blood supply from the aorta into the femoral artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of endovascular therapies in managing atherosclerosis?

<p>To insert stents in affected blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) involve?

<p>Improving blood supply from the aorta into the femoral artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of atherectomy in managing atherosclerosis?

<p>To reduce plaque buildup within an artery using a cutting device or laser (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of angioplasty, atherectomy, stents, and stent grafts in managing atherosclerosis?

<p>Decreased length of hospital stay (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and atherectomy?

<p>Hematoma formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are stents used for in managing atherosclerosis?

<p>Prevent collapse of the walls of the artery immediately after balloon deflation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

<p>Hypertension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease?

<p>Elimination of all controllable risk factors, particularly nicotine use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for patients receiving long-term therapy with medications to reduce lipid levels?

<p>Close monitoring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major aim of modifying risk factors in managing atherosclerosis?

<p>To eliminate all controllable risk factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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