Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most common site used for arterial puncture?
What is the most common site used for arterial puncture?
What information is NOT required for ABG test results to be meaningful?
What information is NOT required for ABG test results to be meaningful?
What personal protective equipment should the phlebotomist wear?
What personal protective equipment should the phlebotomist wear?
What is the purpose of the 2x2 inch gauze squares?
What is the purpose of the 2x2 inch gauze squares?
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What is the purpose of the self-filling syringe?
What is the purpose of the self-filling syringe?
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What is the optional step during patient preparation?
What is the optional step during patient preparation?
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What is the primary function of a phlebotomist?
What is the primary function of a phlebotomist?
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What is the primary purpose of arterial puncture?
What is the primary purpose of arterial puncture?
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What is the normal range for PaO_2 in arterial blood?
What is the normal range for PaO_2 in arterial blood?
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What is the purpose of the modified Allen test in selecting an arterial puncture site?
What is the purpose of the modified Allen test in selecting an arterial puncture site?
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Why is arterial blood the ideal specimen for respiratory function evaluation?
Why is arterial blood the ideal specimen for respiratory function evaluation?
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What is the normal range for HCO_3 in blood?
What is the normal range for HCO_3 in blood?
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What is a key factor that can affect the accuracy of arterial blood gas analysis results?
What is a key factor that can affect the accuracy of arterial blood gas analysis results?
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What is one of the key benefits of using arterial blood gas analysis in patients with diabetes?
What is one of the key benefits of using arterial blood gas analysis in patients with diabetes?
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What is the primary consideration when selecting an arterial puncture site?
What is the primary consideration when selecting an arterial puncture site?
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What is a requirement for health workers who collect arterial specimens?
What is a requirement for health workers who collect arterial specimens?
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What is the purpose of evaluating the surrounding tissue of the arterial puncture site?
What is the purpose of evaluating the surrounding tissue of the arterial puncture site?
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What is the purpose of evaluating arterial blood gas?
What is the purpose of evaluating arterial blood gas?
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What is a possible complication of repeated punctures on the same site?
What is a possible complication of repeated punctures on the same site?
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What should be reported immediately to the nurse or physician if encountered during arterial puncture?
What should be reported immediately to the nurse or physician if encountered during arterial puncture?
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What is the purpose of using local anesthesia during arterial puncture?
What is the purpose of using local anesthesia during arterial puncture?
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What should be avoided to prevent hematoma during arterial puncture?
What should be avoided to prevent hematoma during arterial puncture?
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What is the consequence of not expelling air bubbles from the blood sample?
What is the consequence of not expelling air bubbles from the blood sample?
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What should be done if a vasovagal response occurs during arterial puncture?
What should be done if a vasovagal response occurs during arterial puncture?
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Study Notes
Healthcare Personnel
- Nurses, medical technologists, technicians, respiratory therapists, emergency medical technicians, and level II phlebotomists are involved in arterial puncture and ABG analysis.
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis
- Analytes measured in ABG analysis:
- pH: 7.35 – 7.45
- PaO2: 80 – 100 mm Hg
- PaCO2: 35 – 45 mm Hg
- HCO3: 22 – 26 mEq/L
- O2 saturation: 97% – 100%
- Base excess: (-2) – (+2) mEq/L
Criteria for Arterial Puncture Site Selection
- Criteria for selecting an arterial puncture site:
- Collateral circulation or multiple arterial supply
- Accessibility and size of the artery
- Low risk of injury to surrounding tissue
- No inflammation, irritation, edema, hematoma, lesion, or wound
- No arteriovenous fistula (AVF) near the site
- No recent arterial puncture
Arterial Puncture Overview
- Arterial puncture is used to collect blood specimens for ABG analysis to manage cardiopulmonary disorders and maintain acid-base balance.
- Phlebotomists should have thorough understanding of the collection procedure to minimize pain and maintain accuracy.
Hazards and Complications of Arterial Puncture
- Hazards and complications of arterial puncture:
- Arteriospasm
- Artery damage
- Discomfort
- Infection
- Hematoma
- Numbness
- Thrombus formation
- Vasovagal response
ABG Specimen Collection
- Requirements for ABG specimen collection:
- Proper requisition information, including body temperature, respiratory rate, ventilation status, and fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2)
- Use of personal protective equipment (PPE)
- Necessary equipment and supplies
- Patient preparation and assessment
- Administration of local anesthetic (optional)
Sampling Errors
- Common sampling errors:
- Air bubbles in the sample
- Delayed processing (> 10 minutes)
- Improper mixing or immediate processing
- Improper syringe use
- Venous blood collection by mistake
- Incorrect anticoagulant or heparin volume
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Description
Learn about arterial puncture, a procedure used to collect blood specimens for arterial blood gas analysis to manage cardiopulmonary disorders and maintain acid-base balance.
