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Questions and Answers
Which receptors are involved in the regulation of arterial blood pressure?
Where are the arterial baroreceptors located?
What is the effect of increased arterial pressure on the firing rate of afferent nerves?
What happens to the carotid sinus and aortic arch receptor potential when blood pressure decreases?
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What is the effect of decreased blood pressure on the rate of firing in afferent nerves?
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What happens to the carotid sinus baroreceptor firing rate when there is a decrease in stretch?
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What is the effect of blood loss on blood pressure?
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What is the effect of decreased carotid sinus baroreceptor firing rate on parasympathetic activity to the heart?
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What is the effect of decreased carotid sinus baroreceptor firing rate on sympathetic activity to the heart and blood vessels?
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What are the effects of increased sympathetic activity on the heart and blood vessels?
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Which of the following is a result of blood loss in a patient?
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What happens to the firing rate of carotid sinus nerve when there is a decrease in stretch on the carotid sinus baroreceptor?
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What is the effect of decreased firing rate of carotid sinus nerve on parasympathetic activity to the heart?
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What are the effects of increased sympathetic activity on the heart and blood vessels?
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What is the effect of increased heart rate on blood vessels?
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Which part of the reflex pathway is responsible for transmitting information from the sensory receptor to the integration centers?
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Which part of the reflex pathway is responsible for carrying the response from the integration centers to the effector organ?
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Which nerve carries the afferents from the cardiopulmonary baroreceptors?
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Which nucleus is the cardiopulmonary baroreceptor projection upon?
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What do the cardiopulmonary baroreceptors sense changes in?
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Which hormone is inhibited by increased renal blood flow?
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What is the role of renin in response to decreased renal perfusion pressure?
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Which peptide is responsible for diuresis and natriuresis?
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What happens when there is an increase in sodium in the system?
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Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located?
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What are the peripheral chemoreceptors sensitive to?
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Where are the central chemoreceptors located?
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Which receptors are primarily stimulated by changes in PO2?
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What happens when there is a decrease in renal perfusion pressure?
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What is the role of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in volume control?
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What happens when there is an increase in sodium in the system?
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Where are the cardiopulmonary baroreceptors located?
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What is the effect of increased arterial pressure on the firing rate of afferent nerves?
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Which hormone is inhibited by increased renal blood flow?
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What are the central chemoreceptors sensitive to?
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What is the effect of decreased carotid sinus baroreceptor firing rate on parasympathetic activity to the heart?
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Study Notes
Arterial Blood Pressure Regulation
- Arterial baroreceptors are involved in the regulation of arterial blood pressure
- They are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch
Effect of Arterial Pressure on Afferent Nerves
- Increased arterial pressure increases the firing rate of afferent nerves
- Decreased arterial pressure decreases the firing rate of afferent nerves
Effect of Blood Pressure on Baroreceptors
- Decreased blood pressure decreases the receptor potential of carotid sinus and aortic arch baroreceptors
- Decreased stretch on carotid sinus baroreceptors decreases their firing rate
Effect of Blood Loss on Blood Pressure
- Blood loss decreases blood pressure
Effect of Decreased Carotid Sinus Baroreceptor Firing Rate
- Decreased carotid sinus baroreceptor firing rate decreases parasympathetic activity to the heart
- Decreased carotid sinus baroreceptor firing rate increases sympathetic activity to the heart and blood vessels
Effect of Increased Sympathetic Activity
- Increased sympathetic activity increases heart rate and blood vessels' constriction
Reflex Pathway
- The afferent nerve carries information from the sensory receptor to the integration centers
- The efferent nerve carries the response from the integration centers to the effector organ
Cardiopulmonary Baroreceptors
- They are located in the cardiopulmonary region
- They sense changes in volume and pressure
- The afferents from the cardiopulmonary baroreceptors are carried by the vagus nerve
- They project onto the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS)
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
- Increased renal blood flow inhibits the release of renin
- Decreased renal perfusion pressure stimulates the release of renin
- Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is then converted to angiotensin II
- Angiotensin II stimulates the release of aldosterone
- Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
- ANP is released in response to increased atrial pressure
- It promotes diuresis and natriuresis
Chemoreceptors
- Peripheral chemoreceptors are located in the carotid and aortic bodies
- They are sensitive to changes in PO2 and pH
- Central chemoreceptors are located in the medulla oblongata
- They are sensitive to changes in pH and PCO2
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Description
Test your knowledge on arterial blood pressure regulation and negative feedback mechanisms with this quiz. Learn about the role of baroreceptors and their locations in regulating arterial pressure.
