Regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure

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What is the function of the Vasoconstrictor center (VCC) during hypotension?

Vasoconstriction (VC) of the arterioles. Increase the heart rate and increase the force of contraction.

Explain the main function of peripheral chemoreceptors in arterial blood pressure regulation.

To stimulate the VCC leading to increased ABP.

What is the role of high pressure baroreceptors in the body?

They have a buffering action on the arterial blood pressure.

Explain the concept of pressure diuresis in the context of kidney function.

Pressure diuresis refers to the increase in urine production due to elevated blood pressure, helping to regulate blood volume and pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Renin-angiotensin system in blood pressure regulation?

It plays a role in regulating blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction and fluid balance. Signup and view all the answers

True or False: If the heart rate is 100 beats/minute, the complete cardiac cycle duration is less than 0.8 seconds.

False Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of pulse pressure and how it is calculated.

Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). It is calculated as Pulse pressure = SBP - DBP. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a wide pulse pressure in the context of blood pressure measurement?

A wide pulse pressure can indicate conditions like atherosclerosis. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the factors that determine and maintain arterial blood pressure.

Blood volume, cardiac output (COP), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) determine and maintain arterial blood pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What is total peripheral resistance (TPR) and where does it primarily present?

Total peripheral resistance (TPR) is the resistance that opposes blood flow, primarily presented in the arterioles. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how peripheral resistance is determined in the cardiovascular system.

Peripheral resistance is determined by the diameter and length of blood vessels. Signup and view all the answers

In a 75-year-old man whose systolic blood pressure is 170 mmHg and diastolic pressure is 50 mmHg, what conclusion can be drawn from these measurements?

The conclusion would be high systolic and low diastolic blood pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating cardiac output (CO)?

CO = Stroke Volume x Heart Rate Signup and view all the answers

Define End Diastolic Volume (EDV) and End Systolic Volume (ESV) in the context of the cardiac cycle.

EDV is the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole, while ESV is the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of systole. Signup and view all the answers

What are some conditions that can increase Cardiac Output (CO)?

Excitement, Extremes of temperature, Exercise, Eating, Pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

How does sitting or standing from lying down affect Cardiac Output (CO)?

It decreases Cardiac Output due to the gravity effect. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of Venous Return (VR) in the cardiovascular system.

Venous Return is the venous blood returning to the right atrium of the heart. It is influenced by factors like blood volume, respiratory movements, and gravity. Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP).

SBP is the maximum pressure reached during ventricular systole, while DBP is the minimal pressure reached just before ventricular contraction. Signup and view all the answers

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