Art Styles and Elements

Modern Art

• Emerged in the late 1800s
• Waned in the mid-20th century

Contemporary Art

• Emerged around the late 1970s
• Reflects the times

Integrative Art

• A product of the blending of contemporary styles

The Subject of Art

• Realism: Depicts subjects as they appear
• Distortion: Deliberately alters or exaggerates natural appearances
• Abstraction: Breaks down and reassembles subjects
• Non-Objectivism: Art without a subject, just elements

Elements of Art

• Space: Positive (enclosed) and negative (surrounding) spaces
• Line: Vertical, horizontal, diagonal, jagged, curved, dotted, broken
• Shape and Form: Created when lines meet; geometric or organic
• Color: Visible wavelengths of light, creating moods or tones
• Value: Lightness or darkness of a color
• Texture: Actual or tactile surface qualities of an artwork

Principles of Design

• Harmony: Unity and wholeness of the design
• Variety: Diversity and assortment of elements
• Rhythm: Repeated patterns of elements
• Proportion: Relationship of elements to each other
• Balance: Distribution of weight (formal/symmetrical or informal/asymmetrical)
• Movement: Conveyance of feelings through dynamism (or stillness)
• Emphasis and Subordination: Highlighting importance and de-emphasizing other areas
• Form: The outward appearance of an artwork
• Content: The subject matter that carries the message
• Context: The situations surrounding an artwork (personal, historical, social)
• Primary Context: The artist's personal feelings
• Secondary Context: The time and place (period) in which the work was created

Contemporary Art in the Philippines

• Postmodernism emerged in the late 1980s
• "Borrow, Combine, Explore"
• Pastiche: Blending of fine art and commercial elements
• Bricolage/Assemblage: Art using diverse materials

Other Notable Art Forms

• Choreography: Arrangement of dance movements
• Musical Instruments: Devices for creating sound
• Literary and Musical Compositions: Written and notated works
• Visual Design: Arrangement of lines, shapes, and color
• Theatrical Performance: Staging of dramas, operas, festivals
• Cinema: Filmed performances
• Basketry (Mangyans): Weaving from Mindoro
• T'nalak: Woven tapestry from South Cotabato
• Pis Siyabit: Woven head-cloth from S. Cotabato
• Embroidered Pina Jusi Cloth from Lumban: Luxurious fabric
• Woodcarvings, Paper Mache, Toothpick Objects(Pakil, Paete): Younger traditional forms

Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP)

• Established in 1969 by executive order
• Preserves, develops and promotes arts
• 69 regional art centers (Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao)

The National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA)

• Formed in 1992, under Republic Act 7356
• Sub-commissions for architecture, cinema, dance, heritage, museums, etc

Visual Arts

• Artists and their works (e.g., Cesar F. Legaspi, Abdulmari Asia Imao, Hernando R. Ocampo, Arturo R. Luz, Benedicto R. Cabrera, Federico Aguilar Alcuaz, Ang Kiukok, Francisco V. Coching, Fernando Amorsolo, Vicente S. Manansala, Carlos "Botong" Francisco, Victorio C. Edades, Jose T. Joya, Guillermo E. Tolentino, Napoleon V. Abueva, etc. Painting, Sculpture, etc.)

Fashion Design

• (e.g. Ramon O. Valera)

Dance

• (e.g. Francisca R. Aquino)

Literature

• Authors and their works (e.g. Amado V. Hernandez, Nick Joaquin, Carlos P. Romulo, Francisco Arcellana, N.V.M. Gonzales, F. Sionil Jose, Virgilio Almario, Alejandro R. Roces, Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera, Lazaro Francisco, Carlos Quirino, Edith L. Tiempo)

Festivals

• List of festivals (e.g., Sinulog, Dinagyang, Ati-Atihan, Pahiyas, Moriones, Butanding, Kadayawan, Panagbenga, etc.)
• Events related to their celebration

Techniques

• (e.g., Writing, Musical, Artist's, Acting, Choreography, Dance, Mirroring, Retrograde, Canon, Levels, Shadowing, Unison)

Additional Concepts

• Integrative Art: Combining different art forms
• Short stories, novels, essays, poetry
• (Specific details/examples from different sections of the document)