Art Movements: Realism and Abstraction
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Questions and Answers

What are the dimensions of shapes?

  • Height and depth
  • Height and width (correct)
  • Width and depth
  • Height, width, and depth

    • Which characteristic is NOT associated with shape?

  • Depth (correct)
  • Height
  • Width
  • Line contour

    • Which of the following defines form in art?

  • Line contour
  • Three dimensions (correct)
  • Only height and width
  • Two dimensions

    • Which artwork is used to depict the concept of shape in the document?

    <p>A painting of a blue fan in a bowl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of sculpture, furniture, and decorative arts?

    <p>Form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Realism in art?

    <p>Representing everyday subjects realistically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the Realism art movement emerge?

    <p>Mid-19th century</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a Realist artwork?

    <p>The Stone Breakers by Gustave Courbet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Abstract art?

    <p>Using geometric shapes and bold colors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What alternative term is sometimes used by Abstract artists?

    <p>Concrete Art</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artist is associated with Abstract art?

    <p>Wassily Kandinsky</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the surface quality or feel of an object?

    <p>Texture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way textures can be depicted?

    <p>Weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can textures be presented in visual artwork?

    <p>Both in two and three dimensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique do artists use to imply texture in two-dimensional art?

    <p>Using color, line, and shading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a three-dimensional artwork, how is texture perceived?

    <p>As actual and tactile quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does space refer to in a work of art?

    <p>A sense of depth or three dimensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is negative space in a work of art?

    <p>The area around the primary objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is positive space in a work of art?

    <p>The area occupied by the primary objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is mentioned as an artist that aimed to create a perfect illusion of three-dimensional space?

    <p>Pieter Saenredam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can greatly affect the impact of a work of art?

    <p>The relationship of positive to negative space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artist is known for creating 1800 paintings in his lifetime?

    <p>Pablo Picasso</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age did Pablo Picasso paint 'The Old Fisherman'?

    <p>14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements is emphasized in Formalism art criticism?

    <p>Visual aspects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who would focus exclusively on the qualities of color, brushwork, form, line, and composition?

    <p>A formalist critic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which painting style did Pablo Picasso change to throughout his career?

    <p>Realism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is given secondary importance in the formalistic approach to art?

    <p>Subject matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the 7 Elements of Art?

    <p>Balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a horizontal line suggest in art?

    <p>Rest or repose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A line in art can vary in all of the following EXCEPT:

    <p>Height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element of art is primarily one-dimensional?

    <p>Line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lines that are directed vertically can be described as:

    <p>At a right angle to the earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do vertical lines often communicate in art?

    <p>A sense of height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of line conveys action and excitement?

    <p>Zigzag lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What quality do soft, shallow curves often recall?

    <p>The human body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do curve lines convey?

    <p>Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would you describe the quality of zigzag lines?

    <p>Restless and anxious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a theory of art?

    <p>To treat art like a natural phenomenon to be investigated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is seeking a theory considered better than seeking a definition in art?

    <p>Because definitions often fail due to counterexamples</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does expressionism in art aim to express?

    <p>Emotional experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did Expressionism as a theory of art start?

    <p>1905</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are expressionist artworks typically characterized?

    <p>Highly intense color and non-naturalistic brushwork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept does a theory of art employ?

    <p>The worldly investigation of art concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a definition of art attempt to discover?

    <p>The essence of the concept of art</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of expressionist artworks from the early 20th century?

    <p>Highly intense color and non-naturalistic brushwork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of appreciating art?

    <p>To understand and be knowledgeable of its universal and timeless qualities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity are the girls in the image engaged in?

    <p>Dancing the Tinikling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the oldest living Kalinga Mambabatok featured in the image?

    <p>Whang-Od</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material are the women carrying pottery on their heads associated with?

    <p>Ceramic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between understanding various arts and developing one's artwork?

    <p>It helps in developing your own artwork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is holding a bamboo pole in the image of the traditional dance?

    <p>A man sitting on a red mat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Latin word 'ars' mean?

    <p>Ability or skill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Leo Tolstoy, what is the purpose of art?

    <p>To evoke and transmit feelings to others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two divisions of Philippine art?

    <p>Traditional and Non-Traditional Art</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of art is NOT considered a Non-Traditional Art in the Philippines?

    <p>Folk architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who established the Amorsolo School of painting in the 1920s?

    <p>Fernando Amorsolo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artist became a proponent of classical sculpture in the Philippines?

    <p>Guillermo Tolentino</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a form of traditional art in the Philippines?

    <p>Theatre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What qualifies an artist to be considered for the Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan?

    <p>Involvement in Traditional Arts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Art Movements: Realism and Abstraction

    • Realism is an art movement that emerged in the mid-19th century, focusing on representing everyday subjects in a realistic way.
    • Realist artists aimed to capture the world as they saw it, using accurate depictions and honest representation.
    • The movement was influenced by the 1848 revolution in France, which brought attention to the lives of working-class people.
    • Example: Gustave Courbet's "The Stone Breakers" depicts two men breaking rocks, a common sight in 19th-century France.
    • Abstract art, on the other hand, does not aim to represent a visual reality.
    • Instead, it uses shapes, colors, forms, and gestural marks to create a visual effect.
    • Abstract artists often use geometric shapes, which do not necessarily represent something visually in the real world.
    • Example: Wassily Kandinsky's "Cossacks" uses simple geometric shapes and bold colors to convey a feeling of movement and energy.

    Shape and Form

    • Shape and form define objects in space.
    • Shapes have two dimensions: height and width and are usually defined by lines.
    • Forms exist in three dimensions with height, width, and depth.
    • Shape has only height and width, whereas form has depth as well.
    • The concept of shape and form is depicted in two artworks: a blue fan in a bowl and a wooden structure with a metal sheet.

    Texture

    • Texture is the surface quality or feel of an object, its smoothness, roughness, softness, etc.
    • Textures may be actual or implied.
    • Example: Pablo Picasso's distorted artworks, which often feature rough textures.

    Formalism Art

    • Formalism is a method used by art critics to examine and evaluate works of art.
    • It emphasizes compositional elements such as color, line, shape, and texture.
    • Formalism focuses on the way a work of art is made and its purely visual aspects, rather than its narrative content or relationship to the visible world.

    Space

    • In a work of art, space refers to a feeling of depth or three dimensions.
    • It can also refer to the artist's use of the area within the picture plane.
    • Negative space refers to the area around the primary objects in a work of art.
    • Positive space refers to the space occupied by the primary objects.

    Theories of Art

    • The theory of art contrasts with the definition of art.
    • The main purpose of a theory of art is to treat art like other natural phenomena that need to be investigated.
    • Theories of art employ concepts like art and the reasons behind them.

    Expressionism Art

    • Expressionism is a term used to describe works of art in which the representation of reality is distorted to communicate an inner vision.
    • Expressionism was an art movement and international tendency at the beginning of the 20th century.
    • The aim of artists was to express emotional experiences rather than physical reality.
    • Expressionism as a theory of art started in 1905 and lasted until approximately 1920.

    Elements of Art

    • The elements of art are components or parts of art that can be isolated and defined.
    • The 7 Elements of Art are:
      • Line
      • Shape
      • Form
      • Space
      • Texture
      • Value
      • Color

    Line

    • Line is a mark with length and direction.
    • It is a continuous mark made by a moving point.
    • Line can be horizontal, vertical, or diagonal, straight or curved, thick or thin, and shows different meanings, feelings, and emotions.
    • Kinds of Line:
      • Horizontal lines suggest a feeling of rest or repose.
      • Vertical lines often communicate a sense of height.
      • Zigzag lines convey action and excitement.
      • Curve lines convey energy.

    History of Arts in the Philippines

    • The art of the Philippines refers to the works of art that have developed and accumulated in the Philippines from the beginning of civilization in the country up to the present era.
    • Philippine art reflects the society and non-Filipinos the wide range of cultural influences on the country's culture.
    • In the 1920s, Fernando Amorsolo and his constituents established the Amorsolo School of painting.
    • Guillermo Tolentino was trained in the academy in Rome and became the proponent of classical sculpture in the Philippines.
    • The art of the Philippines can be divided into two: Traditional Arts and Non-Traditional Arts.

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    Learn about the art movements of Realism and Abstraction, including their history, influences, and key characteristics.

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