Arrhenius Acid and Base
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Questions and Answers

What happens when an Arrhenius acid is dissolved in water?

  • It dissociates into a positive ion
  • It forms a hydronium ion by donating a hydrogen ion to the water (correct)
  • It donates a hydroxide ion to the water
  • It accepts a hydrogen ion from the water

    • Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Arrhenius acids?

  • Lower the pH of a solution
  • Contain hydrogen as the first element
  • Form hydronium ions in water
  • Form hydroxide ions when dissolved in water (correct)

    • Why is it a misconception that any compound containing hydrogen is an Arrhenius acid?

  • Because they have a neutral pH
  • Because hydrogen ions need to dissociate to form hydronium ions (correct)
  • Because they release hydroxide ions
  • Because such compounds are always alkaline

    • Which of the following compounds is listed as a common Arrhenius acid?

    <p>Hydrochloric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does an Arrhenius acid have on the overall hydronium ion concentration of a solution?

    <p>Increases it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is typically listed first in the chemical formula of Arrhenius acids?

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an Arrhenius Base produce when dissociated in water?

    <p>Hydroxide ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of Arrhenius acids?

    <p>Creates hydronium ions in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why doesn't a compound lacking hydrogen ions qualify as an Arrhenius acid?

    <p>It lacks charged hydrogen ions for bonding with water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of Arrhenius bases?

    <p>Feel slippery to the touch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound would NOT be classified as an Arrhenius base based on its composition?

    <p>HCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation of the Arrhenius model for defining acids and bases?

    <p>Requires the presence of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an Arrhenius acid-base reaction, what are the typical products when HF reacts with LiOH?

    <p>$\text{H}_2\text{O}$ and $\text{LiF}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor in determining whether a compound qualifies as an Arrhenius acid?

    <p>The presence of hydrogen in the compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is NOT classified as a common Arrhenius acid?

    <p>Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ion is produced when an Arrhenius Base dissociates in water?

    <p>Hydroxide ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it a misconception that any compound containing hydrogen will act as an Arrhenius acid?

    <p>Hydronium ions must be formed, not just hydrogen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the donation of a hydrogen ion from an Arrhenius acid have on the pH of a solution?

    <p>Lowers the pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes an Arrhenius Base from an Arrhenius Acid?

    <p>Donation of hydroxide ions to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which common misconception is addressed in the text regarding identifying Arrhenius acids?

    <p>'Arrhenius' refers to any hydrogen-containing compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds would NOT be classified as an Arrhenius acid?

    <p>CH4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing characteristic of Arrhenius bases?

    <p>Feels slippery to the touch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an Arrhenius acid-base reaction, what are the typical products when H2SO4 reacts with NaOH?

    <p>Water and Sodium Sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of the Arrhenius model in defining acids and bases?

    <p>It requires the presence of water for classification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds would NOT qualify as an Arrhenius base based on its composition?

    <p>(NH4)2CO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Tastes soapy' and 'turns litmus paper blue' are common properties associated with which type of substance?

    <p>Arrhenius bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds falls under the category of Arrhenius acids?

    <p>(COOH)2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Feels slippery to the touch' is a property associated with which of the following?

    <p>Arrhenius bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Arrhenius Acid and Base

    • An Arrhenius acid is a substance that donates a hydrogen ion to water, forming a hydronium ion, which increases the hydronium ion concentration and lowers the pH of the solution.
    • An Arrhenius base is a substance that forms a hydroxide ion when dissociated in water.

    Arrhenius Acid List

    • Common Arrhenius acids:
      • Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
      • Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
      • Nitric acid (HNO3)
      • Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
      • Hydrofluoric acid (HF)
      • Hydrobromic acid (HBr)
      • Carbonic acid (H2CO3)
      • Acetic acid (HCH3CO2)
      • Hypochlorous acid (HClO)
      • Hydroiodic acid (HI)
      • Hydrosulfuric acid (H2S)
      • Phosphorus acid (H3PO3)

    Arrhenius Base List

    • Common Arrhenius bases:
      • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
      • Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
      • Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2)
      • Lithium hydroxide (LiOH)
      • Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3)
      • Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
      • Beryllium hydroxide (Be(OH)2)
      • Copper (II) hydroxide (Cu(OH)2)
      • Iron (I) hydroxide (FeOH)
      • Cobalt (I) hydroxide (CoOH)

    Properties of Arrhenius Acid and Base

    • Arrhenius acids:
      • React with bases
      • pH values between 0 and 7
      • Taste and smell sour
      • Turn litmus paper red
    • Arrhenius bases:
      • Feel slippery to the touch
      • Taste soapy
      • pH values greater than 7
      • Turn litmus paper blue

    Limitations of Arrhenius Model

    • Water must be present for a substance to qualify as an Arrhenius acid or base.
    • Acids and bases can exist in situations where water is not present.
    • The definition has limitations in certain circumstances, such as when a compound is dissolved in a solvent other than water.

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    Description

    Learn about Arrhenius acids and bases, which donate hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions respectively when dissolved in water. Understand how these substances affect the pH of a solution.

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