28 Questions
What happens when an Arrhenius acid is dissolved in water?
It forms a hydronium ion by donating a hydrogen ion to the water
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Arrhenius acids?
Form hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
Why is it a misconception that any compound containing hydrogen is an Arrhenius acid?
Because hydrogen ions need to dissociate to form hydronium ions
Which of the following compounds is listed as a common Arrhenius acid?
Hydrochloric acid
What effect does an Arrhenius acid have on the overall hydronium ion concentration of a solution?
Increases it
Which element is typically listed first in the chemical formula of Arrhenius acids?
Hydrogen
What does an Arrhenius Base produce when dissociated in water?
Hydroxide ion
What is a key characteristic of Arrhenius acids?
Creates hydronium ions in water
Why doesn't a compound lacking hydrogen ions qualify as an Arrhenius acid?
It lacks charged hydrogen ions for bonding with water
What is a common characteristic of Arrhenius bases?
Feel slippery to the touch
Which compound would NOT be classified as an Arrhenius base based on its composition?
HCl
What is the main limitation of the Arrhenius model for defining acids and bases?
Requires the presence of water
In an Arrhenius acid-base reaction, what are the typical products when HF reacts with LiOH?
$\text{H}_2\text{O}$ and $\text{LiF}$
What is the key factor in determining whether a compound qualifies as an Arrhenius acid?
The presence of hydrogen in the compound
Which of the following compounds is NOT classified as a common Arrhenius acid?
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
What ion is produced when an Arrhenius Base dissociates in water?
Hydroxide ion
Why is it a misconception that any compound containing hydrogen will act as an Arrhenius acid?
Hydronium ions must be formed, not just hydrogen atoms
What effect does the donation of a hydrogen ion from an Arrhenius acid have on the pH of a solution?
Lowers the pH
Which characteristic distinguishes an Arrhenius Base from an Arrhenius Acid?
Donation of hydroxide ions to water
Which common misconception is addressed in the text regarding identifying Arrhenius acids?
'Arrhenius' refers to any hydrogen-containing compound
Which of the following compounds would NOT be classified as an Arrhenius acid?
CH4
What is a distinguishing characteristic of Arrhenius bases?
Feels slippery to the touch
In an Arrhenius acid-base reaction, what are the typical products when H2SO4 reacts with NaOH?
Water and Sodium Sulfate
What is a limitation of the Arrhenius model in defining acids and bases?
It requires the presence of water for classification
Which of the following compounds would NOT qualify as an Arrhenius base based on its composition?
(NH4)2CO3
'Tastes soapy' and 'turns litmus paper blue' are common properties associated with which type of substance?
Arrhenius bases
Which of the following compounds falls under the category of Arrhenius acids?
(COOH)2
'Feels slippery to the touch' is a property associated with which of the following?
Arrhenius bases
Study Notes
Arrhenius Acid and Base
- An Arrhenius acid is a substance that donates a hydrogen ion to water, forming a hydronium ion, which increases the hydronium ion concentration and lowers the pH of the solution.
- An Arrhenius base is a substance that forms a hydroxide ion when dissociated in water.
Arrhenius Acid List
- Common Arrhenius acids:
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
- Nitric acid (HNO3)
- Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
- Hydrofluoric acid (HF)
- Hydrobromic acid (HBr)
- Carbonic acid (H2CO3)
- Acetic acid (HCH3CO2)
- Hypochlorous acid (HClO)
- Hydroiodic acid (HI)
- Hydrosulfuric acid (H2S)
- Phosphorus acid (H3PO3)
Arrhenius Base List
- Common Arrhenius bases:
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
- Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2)
- Lithium hydroxide (LiOH)
- Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3)
- Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
- Beryllium hydroxide (Be(OH)2)
- Copper (II) hydroxide (Cu(OH)2)
- Iron (I) hydroxide (FeOH)
- Cobalt (I) hydroxide (CoOH)
Properties of Arrhenius Acid and Base
- Arrhenius acids:
- React with bases
- pH values between 0 and 7
- Taste and smell sour
- Turn litmus paper red
- Arrhenius bases:
- Feel slippery to the touch
- Taste soapy
- pH values greater than 7
- Turn litmus paper blue
Limitations of Arrhenius Model
- Water must be present for a substance to qualify as an Arrhenius acid or base.
- Acids and bases can exist in situations where water is not present.
- The definition has limitations in certain circumstances, such as when a compound is dissolved in a solvent other than water.
Learn about Arrhenius acids and bases, which donate hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions respectively when dissolved in water. Understand how these substances affect the pH of a solution.
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