Arduino Sensors and Modules

• These are various sensors, modules and components used in electronics and Arduino projects

IR Proximity Sensor

• Multipurpose infrared sensor
• Used for:
  • Obstacle sensing
  • Line sensing
  • Encoder sensing
• Provides a digital output

Rain Water Level Sensor

• High level/drop recognition sensor
• Series of parallel wires with exposed traces measures droplets/water volume to determine water level
• Output analog values are directly readable by Arduino development board
• Used to achieve level alarm effect

Soil Moisture Sensor Module

• Detects moisture of soil
• Measures moisture and humidity resistance change
• Drier soil results in smaller output voltage
• More humid soil results in higher voltage output

1-Digit, 7 Segment Display

• Specialized module for displaying numbers
• Features 7 LEDs arranged in a rectangular form
• Includes an additional LED for the decimal point

Sound Sensor

• Detects sound waves
• Allows microcontroller to react when it's quiet or loud

DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor

• Uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor
• Measures surrounding air temperature and humidity
• Outputs a digital signal on the data pin

LED

• Light-emitting diode
• Semiconductor diode that glows when a voltage is applied

RGB LED

• Light-emitting diode
• Semiconductor diode that glows when a voltage is applied
• Displays different colors, depending on the voltages applied to the pins

Tilt Ball Switch

• Detects motion, orientation, and/or inclination

NTC Thermistor

• Resistor with a negative temperature coefficient
• Resistance decreases with increasing temperature
• Primarily used as resistive temperature sensors and current-limiting devices

5V Passive Buzzer

• Slightly shorter
• Electronics exposed on the bottom
• Requires a signal source to provide a sound signal

5V Active Buzzer

• Has a built-in oscillating source that generates sound itself
• Turns on or off
• Slightly taller, with a solid plastic coat on the bottom and a label advising removal before washing

Button

• Momentary switch that closes a circuit when pressed
• Snaps into breadboards easily
• Good for detecting on/off signals

Resistors

• Resist the flow of electrical energy in a circuit
• Changes the voltage and current as a result
• Resistance measured in ohms (Ω, Greek omega character)
• Colored stripes indicate their value
• Resistor values should read from the included colour code table

Potentiometer

• Variable resistor with three pins
• Two pins connect to the ends of a fixed resistor
• Middle pin (wiper) moves across resistor, dividing it into two halves
• External sides connected to voltage and ground
• Middle leg provides voltage difference as the knob is turned

Photoresistor

• Also called a photocell or light-dependent resistor
• Variable resistor that changes resistance based on the amount of light that falls on its face

MB-102 Breadboard

• Board for building electronic circuits
• Allows you to connect wires and components
• Versions are available that require soldering, solder-less type is also is available

USB Cable

• Connects the arduino uno to your computer
• Allows programming
• Provides power to the Arduino

Jumper Wire

• Used to connect components
• Connects to the breadboard and the Arduino

Arduino Uno R3 Board

• Microcontroller development board
• Will be used for projects
• A simple computer, but one that has no easy way to interact with
• Circuits and interfaces are built for interaction
• The microcontroller has to be told how to interact with other components

Overview of different electronic components and sensors. Includes IR proximity sensor, rain water level sensor. Also describes a soil moisture sensor, 7-segment display, and sound sensor.