Electronic Components and Modules

Electronic Components and Modules

• Relay Module: A component used to switch electrical circuits, typically controlling high-power loads. Features input, output, voltage, and ground indicators.

• Arduino Uno Board: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P processor, commonly used in hobbyist electronics projects. Has digital and analog input/output pins.

• Ultrasonic Sensor: A device measuring distance by emitting ultrasonic waves and measuring the time taken for the signal to return. Features trigger and echo pins.

• Piezo Buzzer: A small transducer producing sound when an electrical signal is applied. Typically used for alerts or feedback.

• Light Emitting Diode (LED): A semiconductor device emitting light when an electric current passes through it. A common indicator or signaling device.

• RGB LED: A light emitting diode that can display a range of colors by combining red, green, and blue light.

• Analog Joystick: A control device with buttons for input, often used for controlling movement in games or applications.

• Resistor: A passive electronic component that resists the flow of current. Its resistance is measured in ohms.

• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): A flat-panel display showing alphanumeric characters or images using liquid crystals.

• 4x4 Keypad: A rectangular input matrix for entry of numbers and alphanumeric characters.

• IR Remote: A device that transmits infrared signals to control electronic devices remotely.

• Light Dependent Resistor (LDR): A resistor whose resistance changes with varying light levels, often used in light sensors.

• IR Receiver: Receives infrared signals from an external transmitter, like an IR remote control.

• Seven Segment Display: A display with multiple led segments for showing digits and alphanumeric characters.

• Servo Motor: A motor that rotates to a specific position, and its position can be controlled by transmitting signals. Outputs are typically for automation and control.

• Breadboard: A circuit prototyping board used to create and test electronic circuits.

• Potentiometer: A device used to adjust voltage or current levels. Adjusts voltage electronically for variable circuit input.

• Motion Sensor: A device detecting movement or changes in presence of objects in its field of view.

• Humidity Sensor: A sensor that typically measures the relative humidity levels in the surrounding environment.

• Push Button: A switch activated by pressing a button, typically used for user input.

Arduino Programming

• Data Type: The classification of data elements representing values used in a program.

• Logic symbols: Symbols for use in programming in logic operations such as AND, XOR, OR, Not etc.

Arduino Functions

• Delay(): Pauses program execution for a specified duration of time.

• Digital Write(): Used to change the state (HIGH/LOW) of a digital pin in a precise manner.

• Digital Read(): Used to detect the state (HIGH/LOW) of a digital pin, commonly used for inputs to trigger subsequent functions.

• Map(): Used to adjust the input range of values from one scale to another.

• Serial.begin(): Used to configure a serial connection (often for communication with a computer or other device).

• Serial: Print(): Used for sending output data through a serial connection.

• if/else statement: Conditional blocks that execute portions, dependant on conditions.

• for loop: Repeated processing based on fixed iterations.

• while loop: Repeated processing based on a variable condition.

Other

• Baud Rate: A rate of bits transmitted per second in serial communication.

• Analog Read: Used to read the analog input values.

• PinMode(): Sets the mode of a pin as either input or output.