Architectural Styles Flashcards

Study Notes

Classical Architecture

Characterized by pediments, columns, and geometric lines.
Features three orders:
- Doric: Simple capital, no base, with triglyph and metope.
- Ionic: Swirled capital, base, with moldings rather than triglyph and metope.
- Corinthian: Complex capital adorned with leaf-like decorations.

Romanesque Architecture

Spanned from 1050 to 1175, marking the Medieval but pre-Gothic era.
Notable for massive walls and rounded arches.
Utilized curved vaults in structures.

Gothic Architecture

Flourished between 1175 and 1550, known for its medieval style.
Featured Gothic vaults and pointed arches.
Employed flying buttresses for structural support and incorporated ornate decorations.

Renaissance Architecture

Development from 1400 to 1600, revisiting Greek and Roman designs.
Emphasized symmetry, with arches, columns, pilasters, and domes.
Marked by the shift from cruciform church designs to circular shapes, favoring human scale in architecture.

Tudor Architecture

Encompassed 1485 to 1600, blending Tudor and Gothic styles.
Recognized for decorative half-timbering, steeply pitched roofs, and tall, narrow doors and windows.
Featured large chimneys adorned with decorative pots.

Elizabethan Architecture

Showed influence from European Renaissance styles, characterized by symmetry.
Constructed with stone and custom-brick, prominent large multipaned windows.
Design often followed an "E" plan with three front gables and formal gardens.

Jacobean Architecture

Spanned the period of Jacobean or Jacobethan styles.
Identified by shaped gables and the use of bricks with stone ornamentation.
Incorporated classical motifs such as columns and pediments, along with new window types like the bull’s eye.

Baroque Architecture

Flourished from 1600 to 1750, marked by symmetry and dramatic central projections.
Widespread use of classical forms with highly ornate interiors featuring faux finishes, frescoes, and gilding.
Prominently displayed sculptures, both interior and exterior.

Palladian Architecture

Existed between 1625 and 1690, rooted in Greek and Roman temple forms.
Characterized by symmetry with defined central structures and elevated entrance porches.
Facades typically feature three distinct sections and arched windows, especially centrally located.

Rococo Architecture

Developed from 1700 to 1780, it is a more elaborate form of Baroque.
Celebrated asymmetry and curves in decorative details.
Emphasis on natural forms and pastel colors for both interiors and exteriors.

Georgian Architecture

Spanned from 1720 to 1840, focused on symmetry and simple shapes such as squares and rectangles.
Featured decorated cornices, paneled front doors with elaborate crowns, and multi-paned windows.

Federal Architecture

Encompassed 1770 to 1840 in America, closely related to Georgian and Neoclassical styles.
Characterized by plainer surfaces and classical details confined to friezes and panels.
Oval shapes became popular in decorative tablets and windows.

Neoclassical Architecture

Ranged from 1750 to 1920 as a revival of classical Greek forms and styles.
Emphasized flattened surfaces and grand, sometimes exaggerated scale.
Developed in response to Rococo excess.

Greek Revival Architecture

Active from 1790 to 1850, reflecting an interest in classic Greek forms.

Gothic Revival Architecture

Spanned 1740-1860 in England and 1800-1860 in America.
Drew extensively from historic Gothic architecture, focusing on pointed arches and craftsmanship reminiscent of the Middle Ages.
Associated with traditionalism and romantic ideals, often employing new techniques for decorative features.

Victorian-Era Architecture

Characterized by intricate designs and varied styles reflecting the eclectic tastes of the time.

Description

Test your knowledge on various architectural styles with these flashcards. Focus on classical architecture and Romanesque architecture, exploring their unique elements and features. Perfect for architecture students or enthusiasts.

Architectural Styles Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes Classical Architecture?

What is the time period of Romanesque Architecture?

What architectural feature is typical of Gothic Architecture?

What was a key characteristic of Renaissance Architecture?

What period does Tudor architecture belong to?

What is one defining characteristic of Elizabethan architecture?

Which architectural style is characterized by shaped gables and brick construction?

Baroque Architecture is known for which feature?

What years mark the period of Palladian Architecture?

What is a distinguishing feature of Rococo Architecture?

What period does Georgian architecture cover?

What are the years associated with Federal Architecture?

What defines Neoclassical Architecture?

What is the time frame for Greek Revival Architecture?

What is a notable characteristic of Gothic Revival Architecture?

What describes Victorian-Era Architecture?