Classical Architecture Quiz

Study Notes

Column Structure and Components

Entablature: A horizontal lintel in classical architecture supported by columns or walls, composed of the architrave, frieze, and cornice.
Frieze: A decorative horizontal band, often sculpted or painted, located near the ceiling.
Architrave: The unadorned lower section of the entablature that directly rests on the capitals of columns.
Abacus: The flat slab at the top of a capital, providing a base for the architrave.
Echinus: The convex part of a capital located beneath the abacus, contributing to the overall shape of the capital.

Capital and Column Types

Capital: The top element of a column or pilaster, comprising the abacus and echinus.
Stylobate: The continuous base that supports a series of columns in classical Greek architecture.
Doric Column: The oldest Greek order, known for its sturdy fluted design, plain capitals, and lack of a base; symbolizes strength.
Ionic Column: Recognized for its scroll-shaped capitals (volutes), this column has a rounded base and delicate fluting, often thought of as more feminine.
Corinthian Column: The most ornate order featuring capitals with elaborate leaf motifs. It is characterized by a taller and more slender design with a base similar to the Ionic style.

Architectural Details

Metope: The square area between triglyphs in a Doric frieze, often used for decorative reliefs.
Triglyph: A three-grooved, projecting element of a Doric frieze that alternates with metopes.
Entasis: A subtle curvature in a column's shaft designed to combat the visual illusion of concavity in straight columns.
Volute: The decorative scroll-like element found on Ionic capitals, resembling a curled scroll.
Fluting: Vertical concave grooves running along the shaft of a column, enhancing its aesthetic appeal.

Supporting Structures and Features

Balustrade: A protective railing along balconies or staircases to prevent falls.
Parapet: A low wall or railing atop a structure such as a balcony, providing safety.
Pilaster: A rectangular column that serves as a decorative element on walls, projecting outward.

Key Orders of Greek Architecture

Three Main Orders: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian represent the evolution of Greek architectural styles, each with unique characteristics reflecting different aesthetic values.

Description

Test your knowledge on the components and types of classical architecture, focusing on entablatures, capitals, and various column styles. This quiz covers key terms and structures essential to understanding Greek architecture.