Aqā'id Al-Nasafi Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Faith and Islam are two separate entities.

False (B)

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a purpose of messengers sent by God?

  • To perform miracles for personal gain (correct)
  • To warn
  • To bring good news
  • To make clear what people need to know

What is considered heresy?

  • Praying for the dead
  • Seeking guidance from diviners
  • Following the interpretations of people who focus on the inner meanings of scriptures (correct)
  • Rejecting the external sense of scriptural texts

The text states that the saints attain a level greater than the prophets.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the first prophet mentioned in the text?

<p>Adam</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered unbelief according to the text?

<p>Despairing of God, feeling secure from God's punishment, believing diviners' reports about the unseen, and rejecting scriptural texts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text states that ______ are servants of God fulfilling His command.

<p>angels</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions in the text:

<p>Faith = Counting true and confessing what God has revealed Miracles = Happenings contrary to the natural order, confirming the genuineness of messengers Ascension = The physical journey of the Messenger of God to heaven Saints' wonder-miracles = Real events, described as miracles performed by individuals considered holy</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text emphasizes the reality of various signs of the Hour, including the appearance of the ______, the beast of the earth, and the coming down of `Isa from heaven.

<p>Dajjal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following actions with their corresponding implications based on the text:

<p>Moistening sandals = A sign of piety and good manners Praying for the dead = Beneficial for the deceased Despairing of God = An act of unbelief Rejecting scriptural texts = A manifestation of unbelief</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of a person's genuine liability to obey the law?

<p>The person's acting-power (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text suggests that God directly intervenes in the creation of all pain and brokenness, leaving humans with no role in it.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used in the text to describe the specific moment when a person dies?

<p>appointed term</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text emphasizes that ______ is a reality and that it is a ______ that will not pass away.

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Which of the following attributes does God possess as described in the content?

<p>Knowledge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

God is characterized by quiddity and quality.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is described as the Speech of God, uncreated?

<p>The Qurʾān</p> Signup and view all the answers

God's attribute that enables the world and all its parts to come into existence is called ______.

<p>causing to be</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is God's vision in Paradise understood according to the content?

<p>Believers will see God without a definite place. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human beings act independently of God's will.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one of the pre-eternal attributes of God.

<p>Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each attribute of God to its description:

<p>Knowledge = Understanding and awareness of all things Power = The ability to accomplish anything Will = The intention and purpose behind actions Speech = God's uncreated communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the three causes of knowledge for created beings according to the People of Truth?

<p>True report (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Sophists believed that the real natures of things are fixed.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the two kinds of true reports mentioned in the creed.

<p>Widely-transmitted report and report of the messenger</p> Signup and view all the answers

The five senses are hearing, sight, smell, taste, and __________.

<p>touch</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is NOT considered a composite?

<p>An atom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reason is not a cause for knowledge according to the People of Truth.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the creed, what is the nature of the world?

<p>The world is originated and consists of substances and accidents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts to their definitions:

<p>Sound Senses = Knowledge obtained through physical perception True Report = Information validated by multiple sources Reason = Cognitive process for understanding and deduction Substances = Self-subsistent entities in the world</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a wonder-miracle signify for a saint?

<p>It disrupts the natural order (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The caliphate lasted for fifty years.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the first three caliphs in order.

<p>Abu Bakr al-Sidiq, Umar al-Faruq, Uthman Dhu’l-nurayn</p> Signup and view all the answers

An imam must be from the tribe of ______.

<p>Quraysh</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following duties with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Enforcing judgments = Maintaining social order and discipline Defending frontiers = Protecting the Islamic territory Controlling thieves = Handling crime and ensuring safety Receiving alms = Managing community charity contributions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT required for the imam?

<p>Must be the most excellent of their time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Formal worship is only permitted behind upright leaders.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must an imam ensure regarding justice?

<p>That the one wronged receives justice against the one wronging them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines a person’s genuine liability to obey the law?

<p>The acting-power existing along with the act (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Everyone receives their sustenance regardless of whether it is lawful or unlawful.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the one killed?

<p>The one killed dies at his appointed term.</p> Signup and view all the answers

God forgives sins, but does not forgive those who assign __________ to Him.

<p>partners</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, which of the following realities is NOT mentioned?

<p>Limitless wealth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence for believers who commit great sins?

<p>They do not remain everlastingly in Hell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A great sin can exclude a believer from faith.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Good speech of Companions

Only positive remarks should be made about the Companions of Muhammad.

Paradise promise

The Prophet announced Paradise for ten specific companions as a confirmation of their faith.

Prohibition of interpretations

Rejecting the scriptural texts for personal interpretation is considered heresy and unbelief.

Benefits of prayer for the dead

Prayers and almsgiving for deceased individuals can benefit them according to faith.

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Messengers of humankind vs angels

Human messengers are superior to angelic messengers, indicating a hierarchy among divine communicators.

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Acting-Power

The ability in a person that exists during the action, enabling it to occur.

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Human Liability

A person is only responsible for actions within their capacity and power.

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Creation of Pain

Pain from physical harm is ultimately created by God, not humans.

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Appointed Term

Each person dies at their predestined time, which is singular.

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Sustenance

Everyone receives their sustenance from God, whether lawful or unlawful.

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Divine Guidance

God guides and leads astray according to His will, not necessarily what is best.

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Interrogation in the Tomb

Believers face questioning after death based on faith and actions.

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Great Sin vs. Faith

A great sin doesn't remove a believer's faith, but attributing partners to God does.

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Wonder-Miracle

An event defying natural laws, affirming the status of a saint.

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Evidentiary-Miracle

A miracle that supports a messenger's claim to prophethood.

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The Four Rightly Guided Caliphs

The immediate successors to Prophet Muhammad: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali.

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Caliphate Duration

The caliphate lasted thirty years after the Prophet's death.

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Roles of an Imam

An imam enforces laws, leads worship, and resolves disputes in the community.

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Imam Requirements

Imam must be from the Quraysh tribe and has authority; sinful actions don’t disqualify them.

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Worship Behind Sinful Leaders

Formal worship is acceptable behind any leader, regardless of their piety.

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Authority of an Imam

An imam must hold authority and enforce judgments without being immune to error.

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Faith

The belief in what has been revealed by God through messengers, without doubt.

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Attributes of God

Qualities of God that do not change, like making people happy or miserable.

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Messengers

Humans sent by God to convey messages about religion and worldly affairs.

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Miracles

Events that defy natural laws, confirming the genuineness of messengers.

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First and Last Prophets

Adam is the first prophet, and Muhammad is the last, sealing the prophetic tradition.

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Angels

Spiritual beings created by God to fulfill His commands, devoid of gender.

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Holy Books

Divine texts sent with messengers, outlining God’s commands and prohibitions.

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Ascension

The event where the Messenger of God was taken to heaven while awake.

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ʿAqāʾid Al-Nasafī

A popular creed by Najm al-Dīn al-Nasafī detailing beliefs of the Māturīdī school.

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School of al-Māturīdī

An Islamic theological school founded by al-Māturīdī, emphasizing rationality in faith.

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Causes of Knowledge

Three sources of knowledge: sound senses, true reports, and reason.

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Sound Senses

Five senses (hearing, sight, smell, taste, touch) through which knowledge is gained.

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True Report Types

Two kinds of true reports: widely transmitted reports and the report of a messenger.

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World Origin

The belief that the world and all its components are originated, not eternal.

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Substances

Self-subsistent entities, which can be composite (bodies) or non-composite (atoms).

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Accidents

Properties or attributes that do not exist independently but depend on substances.

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Uncreated Speech

God's Speech, the Qur'an, which exists independently of written forms or sounds.

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Causing to be

God's act of creation at the moment of existence, based on His Will and Knowledge.

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Vision of God

Believers will see God in Paradise, but not as a physical presence in space or time.

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Human acts

All actions of humans, shaped by God's will, for which they are judged.

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Pre-eternal attributes

God's attributes that exist eternally within His essence.

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God's nature

God is uncomposed, not limited or multiple, and transcends time and space.

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Study Notes

Aqā'id Al-Nasafi

  • Najm al-Din al-Nasafī (1068-1142) was part of the al-Māturīdī school.
  • His short creed became popular, with numerous commentaries.
  • Translations exist, including one from a Cairo edition of al-Taftazānī's commentary (d.c.1389).
  • Commentary translated by D.B. Macdonald (Development, pp. 308-15) and E. E. Elder (A Commentary on the Creed of Islam, 1950).

The People of Truth

  • They believe the real natures of things are established.
  • This contradicts the Sophists' view.

Causes of Knowledge

  • Created beings derive knowledge through three sources:
    • Sound senses (hearing, sight, smell, taste, touch)
    • True report (widely transmitted reports/evidentiary miracles)
    • Reason (immediate intuition/inference)
  • Inspiration is not a source of knowledge for the People of Truth.

The World's Origination

  • The world, with its substances and accidents, is originated.
  • Substances are self-subsistent (composite/non-composite).
  • Accidents are not self-subsistent (qualities like colours, physical states).
  • God is the Originator (One, Pre-eternal, Living, Powerful, Knowing, Wishing).
    • He is not an accident, a body, or an atom.
    • He is not composite, finite.
    • He is not characterized by quiddity or quality.

God's Attributes

  • God possesses pre-eternal attributes inherent in His essence.
  • These include: Knowledge, Power, Life, Strength, Hearing, Sight, Will, Volition, Activity, Creativity, Provision of sustenance, and Speech.
  • God's speech is pre-eternal, not composed of letters/sounds, and excludes silence and defect.

The Quran

  • The Quran is God's uncreated speech.
  • It's written, remembered, and recited, but does not adhere to these things.

God's Attributes (continued)

  • Causing-to-be is a pre-eternal attribute of God.
  • It's different from what we perceive.
  • Will is also a pre-eternal attribute.

Vision of God

  • Vision of God in Paradise is possible through reason (reports suggest this).
  • God is not seen in a place or direction, through light rays, or with measurable distance.

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