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Questions and Answers
How many micrograms of folic acid should pregnant women get each day?
How many micrograms of folic acid should pregnant women get each day?
Lack of folate in the diet can lead to what kind of health problems for the baby?
Lack of folate in the diet can lead to what kind of health problems for the baby?
The neural tube closes around how many weeks of pregnancy?
The neural tube closes around how many weeks of pregnancy?
How many milligrams of calcium should a pregnant woman get each day?
How many milligrams of calcium should a pregnant woman get each day?
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The three main vitamins/minerals that are needed during pregnancy are:
The three main vitamins/minerals that are needed during pregnancy are:
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How many additional calories are needed during the first trimester?
How many additional calories are needed during the first trimester?
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How many additional calories are needed during the second trimester?
How many additional calories are needed during the second trimester?
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Caffeine impedes the body's ability to absorb which nutrients?
Caffeine impedes the body's ability to absorb which nutrients?
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Quickening, or feeling the baby move, usually occurs during which month?
Quickening, or feeling the baby move, usually occurs during which month?
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How many additional calories are needed during the third trimester?
How many additional calories are needed during the third trimester?
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When the cell is formed at conception, what is it called?
When the cell is formed at conception, what is it called?
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All organs are present at the end of which month?
All organs are present at the end of which month?
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The fetus begins to practice breathing movements by the end of which month?
The fetus begins to practice breathing movements by the end of which month?
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When does the zygote 'transform' into an embryo?
When does the zygote 'transform' into an embryo?
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What is an appropriate remedy for constipation?
What is an appropriate remedy for constipation?
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Heartburn is more common in pregnancy because of which hormone?
Heartburn is more common in pregnancy because of which hormone?
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A natural food that can be used to curb nausea is called:
A natural food that can be used to curb nausea is called:
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Pregnancy Induced Hypertension is caused by:
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension is caused by:
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Which disorder results when the body does not produce adequate amounts of insulin?
Which disorder results when the body does not produce adequate amounts of insulin?
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To prevent heartburn, eat larger meals.
To prevent heartburn, eat larger meals.
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Caffeine consumption can make babies irritable.
Caffeine consumption can make babies irritable.
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Smoking inhibits the baby's ability to retrieve nutrients and oxygen from the mother.
Smoking inhibits the baby's ability to retrieve nutrients and oxygen from the mother.
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Morning sickness or nausea is common during pregnancy.
Morning sickness or nausea is common during pregnancy.
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Research shows that secondhand smoke causes no harm to the fetus.
Research shows that secondhand smoke causes no harm to the fetus.
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The umbilical cord goes from the mother's belly button and is connected to the placenta.
The umbilical cord goes from the mother's belly button and is connected to the placenta.
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Pica is a condition in which people consume non-food items, such as clay, starch, and paste.
Pica is a condition in which people consume non-food items, such as clay, starch, and paste.
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There is no known safe amount of alcohol to drink during pregnancy.
There is no known safe amount of alcohol to drink during pregnancy.
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Hemorrhoids are caused by extreme amounts of heartburn.
Hemorrhoids are caused by extreme amounts of heartburn.
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High blood pressure during pregnancy is not typically a threat.
High blood pressure during pregnancy is not typically a threat.
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Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe condition that is caused by extreme nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe condition that is caused by extreme nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
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By the end of the second month, the placenta is working to provide nutrients and oxygen to the fetus.
By the end of the second month, the placenta is working to provide nutrients and oxygen to the fetus.
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Eating yogurt and milk can counteract the effects of heartburn.
Eating yogurt and milk can counteract the effects of heartburn.
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Iron helps reduce the risk of spina bifida.
Iron helps reduce the risk of spina bifida.
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Spina bifida occurs when gaps occur in the bones of the spine and the spinal cord bulges and protrudes through the gaps.
Spina bifida occurs when gaps occur in the bones of the spine and the spinal cord bulges and protrudes through the gaps.
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Healthcare providers will discourage expectant mothers from taking prenatal vitamins since most women are getting the proper nutrients from their diets.
Healthcare providers will discourage expectant mothers from taking prenatal vitamins since most women are getting the proper nutrients from their diets.
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Pregnancy is divided into three parts, known as trimesters, which consists of about three months.
Pregnancy is divided into three parts, known as trimesters, which consists of about three months.
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The thick white protective coating that covers the fetus is called the vernix.
The thick white protective coating that covers the fetus is called the vernix.
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Swollen ankles and feet are common during the first trimester.
Swollen ankles and feet are common during the first trimester.
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Constipation can be caused by excessive worrying and anxiety by the mother.
Constipation can be caused by excessive worrying and anxiety by the mother.
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The neural tube closes around ______ weeks of pregnancy.
The neural tube closes around ______ weeks of pregnancy.
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When does the zygote “transform” into an embryo?
When does the zygote “transform” into an embryo?
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All organs are present at the end of the ______ month.
All organs are present at the end of the ______ month.
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The fetus begins to practice breathing movements by the end of the ______ month.
The fetus begins to practice breathing movements by the end of the ______ month.
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The fetus receives disease fighting antibodies from the mother during the ______ month.
The fetus receives disease fighting antibodies from the mother during the ______ month.
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Which storage location is most appropriate for foodservice cleaning chemicals?
Which storage location is most appropriate for foodservice cleaning chemicals?
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What is a clear sign that a canned good may be contaminated?
What is a clear sign that a canned good may be contaminated?
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Which microorganism is responsible for the highest number of foodborne illnesses?
Which microorganism is responsible for the highest number of foodborne illnesses?
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What type of contamination does hair in food represent?
What type of contamination does hair in food represent?
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What is the correct time limit for cooling foods from 135 degrees to 70 degrees?
What is the correct time limit for cooling foods from 135 degrees to 70 degrees?
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What color cutting board should be used for raw beef?
What color cutting board should be used for raw beef?
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What minimum internal cooking temperature is required for chicken?
What minimum internal cooking temperature is required for chicken?
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Which option best describes what FATTOM stands for concerning bacterial growth?
Which option best describes what FATTOM stands for concerning bacterial growth?
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How long can potentially hazardous foods remain in the temperature danger zone?
How long can potentially hazardous foods remain in the temperature danger zone?
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What is the safest method for thawing frozen food?
What is the safest method for thawing frozen food?
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What is the purpose of the 2 Stage Cooling Method?
What is the purpose of the 2 Stage Cooling Method?
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Where should raw poultry be stored in the refrigerator?
Where should raw poultry be stored in the refrigerator?
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What is the first step in the handwashing process?
What is the first step in the handwashing process?
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What does FIFO (First in First out) refer to?
What does FIFO (First in First out) refer to?
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What is the difference between Cleaning and Sanitizing?
What is the difference between Cleaning and Sanitizing?
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Where should Ready to Eat (RTE) food be stored in the refrigerator?
Where should Ready to Eat (RTE) food be stored in the refrigerator?
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What is the required temperature range for the 2 Stage Cooling Method?
What is the required temperature range for the 2 Stage Cooling Method?
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What should be done with a package of flour that is received with signs of dampness on the bag?
What should be done with a package of flour that is received with signs of dampness on the bag?
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Which term describes the liquid released in the mouth that begins to dissolve food?
Which term describes the liquid released in the mouth that begins to dissolve food?
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What is the purpose of enzymes in the digestive system?
What is the purpose of enzymes in the digestive system?
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Which of the following structures is responsible for transferring nutrients into the circulatory system?
Which of the following structures is responsible for transferring nutrients into the circulatory system?
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What is the process of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system called?
What is the process of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system called?
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Which organ is responsible for producing bile to help break down fats?
Which organ is responsible for producing bile to help break down fats?
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Females typically require more iron than males during adolescence.
Females typically require more iron than males during adolescence.
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Adolescents should engage in at least one hour of exercise each day.
Adolescents should engage in at least one hour of exercise each day.
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Creatine supplements are known to help improve muscle recovery after exercise.
Creatine supplements are known to help improve muscle recovery after exercise.
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Pica is a condition where individuals feel compelled to consume large quantities of food.
Pica is a condition where individuals feel compelled to consume large quantities of food.
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Night eating syndrome is about eating large meals during the day and not at night.
Night eating syndrome is about eating large meals during the day and not at night.
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What condition is characterized by a bone disorder and is often related to vitamin D deficiency?
What condition is characterized by a bone disorder and is often related to vitamin D deficiency?
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Which mineral is essential for the prevention of tooth decay and is commonly found in tap water?
Which mineral is essential for the prevention of tooth decay and is commonly found in tap water?
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Which of the following vitamins is crucial for blood coagulation?
Which of the following vitamins is crucial for blood coagulation?
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Zinc is primarily known for its role in which of the following bodily functions?
Zinc is primarily known for its role in which of the following bodily functions?
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Which food sources are most likely to contain sufficient vitamin D?
Which food sources are most likely to contain sufficient vitamin D?
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What is the primary function of fluoride in dental health?
What is the primary function of fluoride in dental health?
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In which types of foods can vitamin K predominantly be found?
In which types of foods can vitamin K predominantly be found?
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What is defined as a body weight more than 20% higher than the average weight for a person of a given age and height?
What is defined as a body weight more than 20% higher than the average weight for a person of a given age and height?
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What condition arises when the body does not get the right amount of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients necessary for healthy organ function?
What condition arises when the body does not get the right amount of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients necessary for healthy organ function?
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Which nutrient is essential for preventing anemia and is primarily found in red meats?
Which nutrient is essential for preventing anemia and is primarily found in red meats?
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Which policy requires all school districts with a federally-funded meal program to have a wellness policy addressing nutrition and physical activity?
Which policy requires all school districts with a federally-funded meal program to have a wellness policy addressing nutrition and physical activity?
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What condition involves consuming a single food or only a few foods for an extended period?
What condition involves consuming a single food or only a few foods for an extended period?
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Which mineral is important for bone and teeth formation and maintenance?
Which mineral is important for bone and teeth formation and maintenance?
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Which vitamin is known to help in skin and tissue repair?
Which vitamin is known to help in skin and tissue repair?
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What is the main cause of rickets, which can be prevented by adequate intake of certain fat-soluble vitamins?
What is the main cause of rickets, which can be prevented by adequate intake of certain fat-soluble vitamins?
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What are foods and beverages available in a school setting that are not part of the government-funded lunch program referred to as?
What are foods and beverages available in a school setting that are not part of the government-funded lunch program referred to as?
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Study Notes
Folic Acid
- Pregnant women should consume 400 micrograms of folic acid daily
- Folic acid deficiency can result in neural tube defects in the baby
- The neural tube closes around the fourth week of pregnancy
Calcium
- Pregnant women should consume 1000 milligrams of calcium daily
- Calcium is essential for healthy bone development in the baby
- Caffeine consumption can hinder the absorption of calcium
Pregnancy Calories
- During the first trimester, no additional calories are needed
- During the second trimester, an additional 340 calories are needed
- During the third trimester, an additional 450 calories are needed
Fetal Development
- The single cell formed at conception is called a zygote
- The zygote transforms into an embryo when it attaches to the uterine wall
- All organs are present at the end of the third month of pregnancy
- By the end of the seventh month, the fetus begins practicing breathing movements
- During the eighth month, the fetus starts receiving disease-fighting antibodies from the mother
Pregnancy Complications
- Constipation is a common issue during pregnancy, remedied by consuming high fiber foods and increasing water intake
- Heartburn is caused by the hormone progesterone, consuming yogurt and milk can help
- Nausea during pregnancy is common and can be alleviated with consuming ginger (or other remedies)
- Pregnancy-induced hypertension is caused by high blood pressure and is a health concern. It's a serious condition requiring medical attention.
- Gestational diabetes occurs when the body doesn't produce enough insulin. It is related to an inability to regulate blood sugar. It requires monitoring and management of blood sugar levels.
- Hemorrhoids are caused by pressure on blood vessels, not heartburn. They are a common concern during pregnancy.
- Spina bifida occurs when gaps in the spine's bones cause the spinal cord to bulge outwards. It's preventable by adequate folic acid intake during pregnancy.
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a disorder that is caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy. There is no safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy. It has serious long-term effects on the child's development.
- Hyperemesis Gravidarum is a serious condition caused by extreme nausea and vomiting, requiring medical attention.
- Spina bifida can be prevented with sufficient folic acid intake during pregnancy.
Common Concerns and Misconceptions
- Eating larger meals can worsen heartburn
- Caffeine consumption can make babies irritable
- Smoking hinders the fetus's ability to receive nutrients and oxygen from the mother
- Second-hand smoke is harmful to the fetus
- Morning sickness or nausea is common in pregnancy
- The umbilical cord connects the placenta to the baby
- Pica is a condition involving the consumption of non-food items like clay, starch, and paste
- There is no known safe alcohol consumption level during pregnancy
- Swollen ankles and feet are less commonly a first trimester concern.
- The thick white protective coating on the fetus is called vernix
- Consuming prenatal vitamins is crucial during pregnancy, as most women don't get the necessary nutrients through diet alone. Prenatal vitamins can complement a healthy diet.
Teenage Pregnancies
- Often face challenges due to financial limitations, lack of support, and social stigma
- The fetus is at an increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and developmental delays
- Mothers may experience social and emotional difficulties, limited education, and career opportunities
Mothers Over 35
- Increased risk of complications like gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, and premature birth
- Fetuses are more likely to be born with chromosomal abnormalities
- Mothers may face more challenges during labor and recovery
Heart Problems
- Can affect both the mother and the fetus
- Mothers may experience increased risk of heart failure and other complications
- Fetuses may have heart defects and other health issues
- Careful monitoring and treatment are essential to ensure the health of both mother and baby
Gestational Diabetes
- Occurs when the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels during pregnancy
- Increases the risk of complications for both mother and baby, such as premature birth, stillbirth, and birth defects
- Can be managed through diet, exercise, and medication.
Multiple Births
- Increased risk of premature birth, low birth weight, and other complications
- May require specialized prenatal care and delivery
- Mothers may experience more physical discomfort and challenges during pregnancy and labor
Spina Bifida
- Occurs when the neural tube does not close properly, causing physical and developmental disabilities
- Can be prevented with sufficient folic acid intake during pregnancy
- Treatment includes surgery, physical therapy, and ongoing support
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
- Characterized by physical, mental, and behavioral problems in children exposed to alcohol during pregnancy
- No safe amount of alcohol is considered during pregnancy
- Early intervention and support are crucial to help children overcome the effects of FAS
- Drinking alcohol during pregnancy is dangerous and can cause severe birth defects.
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