Questions and Answers
What is Jamestown?
Who was Captain John Smith?
An English soldier, sailor, and author who played a key role in establishing Jamestown.
What was the Powhatan Confederacy?
A group of seven Indian tribes that controlled Virginia.
What are cash crops?
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What are indentured servants?
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Who was Lord Calvert of Maryland?
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Who founded Pennsylvania?
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What was the Virginia Company?
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What is indentured servitude?
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What was the Mayflower Compact?
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How many times was William Bradford governor of Plymouth?
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Who was John Winthrop?
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What does 'Model on Christian Charity/City upon a hill' refer to?
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What is the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
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Who were the Separatists?
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Who were the Non-Separatists?
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Study Notes
Jamestown
- First successful settlement in Virginia, established in May 1607.
- Part of the Joint Stock Virginia Company of London from 1620.
- Became a significant shipping port despite initial harsh conditions.
Captain John Smith
- English soldier and author known for founding Jamestown.
- Played a pivotal role in establishing the first permanent English settlement in North America.
- Associated with Pocahontas and the Powhatan Confederacy; served as a leader from 1607 to 1609.
Powhatan Confederacy
- Alliance of seven Indian tribes in Virginia, led by Chief Powhatan.
- Key agricultural group that assisted early English settlers in their survival.
Cash Crops
- Transition from subsistence farming to cultivation for market consumption.
- Significant in developing the colonial economy.
Indentured Servants
- Individuals contracted to work for a fixed term in exchange for benefits like transportation and training.
- Common labor force in the colonies, often lasting about seven years.
Lord Calvert of Maryland
- Catholic nobleman awarded land around Chesapeake Bay by King Charles I.
- Founded the proprietary colony of Maryland aimed at providing a refuge for Catholics but died before achieving his vision.
William Penn
- Founder of Pennsylvania, noted for promoting early democratic principles and religious tolerance.
- Established positive relationships with Native Americans.
Virginia Company
- First joint-stock company in the American colonies, responsible for establishing Jamestown.
- Promised wealth and opportunities for converting Native Americans to Christianity.
Indentured Servitude
- A system where plantation owners financed voyages of laborers in return for several years of labor.
- Essential to the labor market of the colonies.
Mayflower Compact
- First governing document of Plymouth Colony, signed November 11, 1620.
- Created by Pilgrims seeking religious freedom during their Atlantic voyage.
William Bradford
- Governor of Plymouth Colony for 30 terms, noted for leadership and land distribution to promote agriculture.
John Winthrop
- Led Puritans to New World, becoming the governor of the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1630.
- Re-elected multiple times, reflecting his popularity and leadership.
Model on Christian Charity / City upon a Hill
- Concept defining Massachusetts Bay colony's ideals and aspirations for creating a godly community.
- Emphasized the belief that their colony would set an example for the world.
Massachusetts Bay Colony
- English settlement in New England during the 17th century, centered around Boston and Salem.
- Established predominantly by Puritans seeking religious freedom.
Separatists
- English Protestants rejecting allegiance to the Church of England.
- Pilgrims founded Plymouth Plantation; other sects included Quakers and Baptists.
Non-Separatists
- Puritans who shared Separatists' ideals but remained within the Church of England for reform.
- Believed in effecting change from within rather than complete separation from established institutions.
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Description
This quiz covers key terms and definitions related to APUSH Period 2, which spans from 1607 to 1754. Understand important concepts such as the Jamestown Colony and figures like Captain John Smith. Perfect for students preparing for AP US History exams.
