APUSH Chapter 22 World War I Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What event greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, helping the move towards entering World War I?

The Lusitania sinking (correct)

The Sussex Pledge

The Zimmerman Telegram

The Treaty of Versailles

What was the Sussex Pledge?

A promise made by Germany to America to stop sinking ships without warning.

Who were the Allied Powers?

Britain, France, Russia, and later other countries including Belgium, Italy, and the United States.

What were the Central Powers?

The alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and other nations opposing the Allies. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jeanette Rankin?

The first woman to serve in Congress who voted against US involvement in WWI and WWII. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Zimmermann Telegram?

It was an offer from Germany to Mexico for support if Mexico declared war on the US. Signup and view all the answers

What is propaganda?

Writing or images that seek to persuade through emotional appeal rather than logical proof. Signup and view all the answers

Who was George Creel?

Head of the Committee on Public Information in 1917. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Espionage Act entail?

It imposed sentences for aiding the enemy, obstructing recruitment, or encouraging disloyalty. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Sedition Act?

It made it a crime to criticize the government or officials. Signup and view all the answers

What was Schneck v. United States about?

A Supreme Court case upholding the Espionage and Sedition Acts. Signup and view all the answers

What was the American Expeditionary Force?

About 2 million Americans who went to France under General John J. Pershing. Signup and view all the answers

What were the Fourteen Points?

The war aims outlined by President Wilson to promote lasting peace. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Treaty of Versailles?

The treaty imposed on Germany demanding excessive reparations after WWI. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Big Four?

Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau, David Lloyd George, and Vittorio Orlando. Signup and view all the answers

Who was David Lloyd George?

The British representative at the Paris Peace Conference who pushed for a revenge-based treaty. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Georges Clemenceau?

The French representative at the Paris Peace Conference who advocated for harsh penalties on Germany. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Vittorio Orlando?

The Italian representative at the Paris Peace Conference who supported a revenge-based treaty. Signup and view all the answers

What is the League of Nations?

An international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Henry Cabot Lodge?

A Republican senator who disagreed with the Versailles Treaty. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Events and Terms in World War I

Lusitania: British passenger ship sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915, resulting in 128 American deaths; intensified anti-German sentiment in the U.S.
Sussex Pledge: Germany's promise to the U.S. to cease unrestricted submarine warfare after President Wilson threatened to cut diplomatic ties.
Allied Powers: Coalition including Britain and her colonies, France, Russia, and later Belgium, Italy, and the United States, united against the Central Powers.
Central Powers: Alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary during WWI, opposing the Allies.

Prominent Figures

Jeanette Rankin: First woman in Congress, known for her suffragist and pacifist stance; voted against U.S. involvement in both World Wars.
George Creel: Head of the Committee on Public Information in 1917, created to promote government propaganda and counteract wartime rumors.
Henry Cabot Lodge: Republican Senate Foreign Relations Committee chairman, opposed the Versailles Treaty.

Communication and Legislation

Zimmermann Telegram: A secret German proposal to Mexico intercepted in January 1917, suggesting military support if Mexico attacked the U.S. and promising the return of lost territories.
Propaganda: Use of emotional appeal through writing or imagery to persuade public opinion without factual justification.
Espionage Act: Law enacted during WWI imposing severe penalties for aiding enemies, obstructing military recruitment, or promoting disloyalty amidst wartime.
Sedition Act: Criminalized criticism of the government or officials, raising First Amendment concerns over free speech rights.
Schenck v. United States: 1919 Supreme Court ruling that upheld the Espionage and Sedition Acts, establishing the "clear and present danger" test for free speech limitations.

Military Engagements

American Expeditionary Force (AEF): Approximately 2 million American soldiers, led by General John J. Pershing, served in France as part of this force, which included various military branches.

Peace Initiatives and Treaties

Fourteen Points: President Wilson's 1918 plan for peace, advocating for self-determination, free trade, reduction of armaments, transparency in treaties, and formation of a League of Nations.
Treaty of Versailles: Treaty imposed on Germany in 1920, demanding reparations and including punitive measures that contributed to future tensions in Europe.

Influential Leaders at the Treaty Negotiations

Big Four: Key figures at the Paris Peace Conference including Woodrow Wilson (U.S.), Georges Clemenceau (France), David Lloyd George (Britain), and Vittorio Orlando (Italy).
David Lloyd George: British Prime Minister advocating for a retribution-focused treaty at Versailles.
Georges Clemenceau: French Premier, emphasized punitive reparations for Germany during the treaty negotiations.
Vittorio Orlando: Italian Prime Minister, also pushed for a punitive treaty while attending the conference.

International Organizations

League of Nations: An organization founded in 1920 to foster international cooperation and maintain peace, though it ultimately struggled to prevent future conflicts.

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Dive into the key terms and events of World War I with these flashcards from APUSH Chapter 22. Each card highlights important concepts, such as the Lusitania and the Sussex Pledge, and their impact on American sentiments during the war. Perfect for review and preparation for exams!