APUSH Chapter 17 Vocab Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Who was John Tyler?

Elected Vice President and became the 10th President of the United States from 1841-1845, responsible for the annexation of Mexico after receiving a mandate from Polk.

What was John Slidell's mission?

Sent by Polk to negotiate Texas independence and the purchase of California and New Mexico.

Who was Winfield Scott?

An American general known as 'Old Fuss and Feathers' who marched on Mexico City in 1847.

What was Lord Ashburton known for?

A non-professional diplomat sent to negotiate a treaty for a road for Britain. Signup and view all the answers

What role did Zachary Taylor play during the Mexican-American War?

General and military leader sent by President Polk to lead the American Army against Mexico at Rio Grande. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Nicholas P. Trist?

Chief clerk in the State Department who negotiated the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo after ignoring an order to return. Signup and view all the answers

Who was James K. Polk?

The 11th U.S. President who led the country during the Mexican War. Signup and view all the answers

What did Stephen W. Kearny do?

Led 1,700 troops over the Santa Fe Trail from Fort Leavenworth to Santa Fe in 1846. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Wilmot Proviso?

A bill that aimed to ban slavery in territories acquired after the War with Mexico. Signup and view all the answers

What is Manifest Destiny?

The belief that the U.S. was destined to expand its territory from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty?

To settle disputes over the Maine-New Brunswick border and call for an end to the slave trade on the high seas. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo?

It ended the Mexican War, and the U.S. received Texas and paid Mexico $15 million. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Bear Flag Revolt?

A revolt of American settlers in California against Mexican rule that contributed to California becoming a state. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Aroostook War?

A conflict resulting from tensions over the Caroline ship, involving angry Americans and Canadians. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Tariff of 1842 aim to achieve?

It raised the general level of duties to prior levels before the Compromise Tariff of 1833. Signup and view all the answers

What were 'Conscience' Whigs?

Anti-slavery Whigs who opposed both the Texas annexation and the Mexican War on moral grounds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Liberty Party?

A former political party formed in 1839 to oppose the practice of slavery. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the 'Spot' resolutions?

To find the exact spot where American troops were fired upon during the Mexican War. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

John Tyler

10th President of the United States (1841-1845) after Harrison's death.
Responsible for the annexation of Texas; opposed many Whig economic recovery proposals.

John Slidell

Diplomat sent by President Polk to Mexico to negotiate Texas independence and purchase of California and New Mexico.
His mission was ignored by the Mexican government.

Winfield Scott

Known as "Old Fuss and Feathers."
Led the successful campaign to capture Mexico City in 1847.
Regarded as the most skilled general of his time.

Lord Ashburton

Non-professional diplomat who negotiated with Daniel Webster for a treaty to improve British road access.
Resulted in the Ashburton-Webster Treaty.

Zachary Taylor

Military general during the Mexican-American War and the 12th U.S. President.
Initially led troops against Mexico at the Rio Grande.

Nicholas P. Trist

Chief clerk in the State Department and negotiator of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
Ignored orders to return and successfully negotiated peace after defeating Mexico.

James K. Polk

11th U.S. President, known for territorial expansion during the Mexican War.
Advocated for the annexation of Texas and acquisition of California.

Stephen W. Kearny

American general leading 1,700 troops along the Santa Fe Trail in 1846.

David Wilmot

Congressional member recognized for proposing the Wilmot Proviso, aimed at banning slavery in territories acquired from Mexico.
Considered a precursor to the Civil War.

Robert Gray

Ship captain who explored the Oregon territory and discovered the Columbia River in 1792.

John C. Fremont

Military officer and explorer; first Republican presidential candidate advocating against slavery.

Joint Resolution

Formal expression of congressional opinion requiring approval from both houses and the president.
Constitutional amendments do not need presidential signature.

Manifest Destiny

A popular belief in the 1840s that the U.S. was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

Fiscal Bank

Attempt to create a third national bank, vetoed twice by President Tyler due to opposition to a national bank.

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

Settled border disputes between U.S. and Canada, including the Maine-New Brunswick border.
Called for an end to the slave trade on the high seas.

"Spot" Resolutions

Proposed by Abraham Lincoln to determine the exact location of American troop engagements in Mexico.

Tariff of 1842

Protective tariff enacted by John Tyler, increasing duties to pre-Compromise Tariff of 1833 levels.

"Conscience" Whigs

Anti-slavery faction within the Whig Party opposing Texas annexation and the Mexican War on moral grounds.

Bear Flag Revolt

Rebellion by American settlers in California against Mexican rule, contributing to California's statehood.

Caroline Incident

American steamer attacked by British while transporting supplies to insurgents, symbolizing tensions with Britain.

Hudson's Bay Company

Established in 1670 to exploit Canada’s resources; faced backlash as a monopoly in Oregon Country.

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

Ended Mexican War; U.S. acquired Texas (with Rio Grande as the border) and other territories for $15 million.

Californios

Spanish-speaking descendants of Spanish and Mexican colonizers in California, retaining cultural influences.

Liberty Party

Political group formed in 1839 opposing slavery, later consolidated with the Free Soil Party in 1848.

"All of Mexico"

Extreme expansionist ideology seeking U.S. control over all Mexican territory, not just Texas.

Aroostook War

Conflict initiated over the Caroline incident, involving American and Canadian lumberjacks in a territorial dispute.

Walker Tariff

1846 legislation reducing tariffs rates significantly, improving trade and relations particularly with Britain.

Wilmot Proviso

Proposed legislation to prohibit slavery in territories acquired post-Mexican War, highlighting sectional tensions.

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This quiz focuses on key vocabulary from Chapter 17 of APUSH, featuring terms like John Tyler and John Slidell. These flashcards will help students understand significant figures and events related to U.S. history during the mid-19th century. Enhance your knowledge and prepare for exams effectively with these targeted definitions.