APUSH Chapter 14 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Who is known as the 'Father of the Factory System in America'?

Robert Fulton

Cyrus McCormick

Eli Whitney

Samuel Slater (correct)

Who invented the mechanical reaper?

Cyrus McCormick

What invention is Eli Whitney known for?

Cotton gin and interchangeable parts

Who was Carl Schurz?

A German liberal and foe of slavery Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Fulton contribute to the transportation revolution?

Installed a steam engine and created the first steamboat Signup and view all the answers

What did Samuel F.B. Morse invent?

Telegraph Signup and view all the answers

What was DeWitt Clinton known for?

Linking New York City to the Great Lakes region through the Erie Canal Signup and view all the answers

Who urged women to enter the teaching profession?

Catharine Beecher Signup and view all the answers

What did George Catlin advocate for?

Preservation of nature and National Parks Signup and view all the answers

The __________ refers to the growth of systems and machines that contribute to America's growth.

Industrial Revolution Signup and view all the answers

What does Limited Liability refer to?

The fact that a business with public stock can fail without any one person losing all of their money Signup and view all the answers

What was a key aspect of the Transportation Revolution?

The development of better transportation such as steamboats and trains Signup and view all the answers

What is Nativism?

A movement calling for political action against immigration Signup and view all the answers

What did the Cult of Domesticity promote?

The idealization of the woman as a homemaker Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the cotton gin?

Increased the development of the south and expanded slavery Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 'Clermont'?

It was the ship that Robert Fulton installed with a powerful steam engine Signup and view all the answers

What role did Clipper Ships play?

Fast sailing ships of the 19th century Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Ancient Order of Hibernians?

To protect Catholic Churches and assist Irish Catholic immigrants Signup and view all the answers

What were the 'Molly Maguires' known for?

Involvement in coalfield crimes and kidnappings Signup and view all the answers

What does the General Incorporation Law allow?

Corporations to be formed without a charter from the legislature Signup and view all the answers

What was the Pony Express?

A mail delivery service established in 1860 Signup and view all the answers

What landmark case is associated with trade unions and strikes?

Commonwealth v. Hunt Signup and view all the answers

What was Tammany Hall's role in politics?

Controlling New York City politics and helping immigrants Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner?

To protest the rise of Irish and German immigration Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the sewing machine?

Elias Howe and Isaac Singer Signup and view all the answers

What does the Know-Nothing Party refer to?

The secret society of the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Figures and Innovations

Samuel Slater: Known as the "Father of the Factory System in America", he created the first American cotton-spinning machine, introducing Britain’s factory methods to the U.S.
Cyrus McCormick: Invented the mechanical reaper, revolutionizing agricultural productivity.
Eli Whitney: Pioneered the cotton gin in 1793, significantly boosting cotton production and slavery in the South; also introduced interchangeable parts to manufacturing.
Robert Fulton: Innovated the steamboat, enhancing transportation efficiency and trade.
Samuel F.B. Morse: Developed the telegraph, transforming long-distance communication.
DeWitt Clinton: Instrumental in the construction of the Erie Canal, connecting New York City to the Great Lakes and facilitating trade.

Societal Changes and Movements

Cult of Domesticity: A cultural belief in the 1850s that emphasized women's roles as homemakers, bestowing upon them significant moral authority and influence within the family.
Domestic Feminism: Late 19th-century movement advocating for women’s rights, often in contrast to women's suffrage.
Nativism: Movement among American "nativists" in the 1840s, advocating for political action against immigrant influence, marked by the formation of the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner.

Economic Developments

Industrial Revolution: Marked the rise of factories and mechanized production in America, transforming economic practices and societal structures.
Market Revolution: A substantial shift in labor systems, characterized by the decline of traditional commerce and the rise of industrial economies, particularly in the North.
Transportation Revolution: Improved forms of transportation including steamboats, railroads, and enhanced roads, facilitating trade and migration.

Labor and Class

Factory System: Developed by Slater; emphasized manufacturing under one roof with assembly-line practices.
Limited Liability: Allowed investors to risk capital in businesses without the fear of being wholly liable for failures.
Commonwealth v. Hunt: U.S. Supreme Court ruling affirming the legality of trade unions and their right to strike, marking a victory for labor rights.

Miscellaneous Concepts

Clippers Ships: Fast 19th-century sailing vessels known for speed, contributing to increased global trade.
Rendezvous System: A fur trading system where traders would meet at designated spots to exchange goods for furs, vital to the economy of the West.
General Incorporation Law: Allowed businesses to incorporate without legislative approval, streamlining the process of forming corporations.
Tammany Hall: A powerful Democratic political machine in New York City, instrumental in assisting immigrants in gaining political power.
Know-Nothing Party: A secretive political group opposing immigration and advocating nativist policies, linked to the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner.

Environmental and Cultural Impact

Ecological Imperialism: Describes the over-exploitation of natural resources in Western territories, notably the near extinction of beavers during fur trading.
George Catlin: Artist advocating for the preservation of Native American culture and nature, proposing the establishment of national parks.
Homesteaders: Individuals seeking land in the West under the Homestead Act, which required land improvement before receiving ownership.

Communication and Innovation

Pony Express: Established in 1860 to expedite mail delivery across the country; known for its speed and efficiency despite its brief existence.
Sewing Machine: Revolutionized the clothing industry, invented by Elias Howe and improved by Isaac Singer, laying the foundation for ready-made fashion.

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Test your knowledge on key figures from APUSH Chapter 14 with these flashcards. This chapter covers significant inventors and their contributions to American industry, including Samuel Slater and Eli Whitney. Ideal for students preparing for their AP U.S. History exam.