32 Questions
What is the purpose of mould on some salamis?
For protection
In which region is fermented herring commonly eaten?
Scandinavian countries
What type of bacteria is used to ferment kimchi?
Bacteria
How is sauerkraut typically made?
By fermenting cabbage with bacteria
What is a common use of fermentation in condiments and sauces?
To preserve the contents
What type of microorganisms are responsible for fermenting sugars and starches in bread?
Yeasts and bacteria
What is typically used to make vinegar?
Acetic acid bacteria
What is the result of bacteria fermentation in pickles?
They create acid
What is the purpose of bacteria in cheese production?
To create a low pH and help coagulate milk proteins
What is typically destroyed to create yeast extracts?
Yeast cells
What is the role of microorganisms in yogurt production?
To thicken the milk and provide a sour taste
What is the main purpose of yeast fermentation in the production of alcoholic drinks?
To produce ethanol through fermentation
What is the purpose of bacteria in wine production?
To ferment malic acid into lactic acid
What type of microorganisms are used to make soy sauce?
Moulds
What is the main difference between tempeh and miso paste?
Tempeh is made with a different species of mould
What is the common feature among kefir, yogurt, and cheese production?
Use of bacteria
What is the primary function of yeasts in kombucha production?
To break down sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide
What is the typical base ingredient used to make kvass?
Fermented rye bread
What is the primary purpose of fermenting cocoa beans in chocolate production?
To destroy the unwanted seed coating
What is mycoprotein created from?
A type of fungus
What is the main category of hazards that includes bacteria and molds?
Biological Hazards
What is the result of fermenting sugars in kombucha production?
Production of ethanol and carbon dioxide
What is the primary purpose of predictive microbiology in food safety?
To model the growth of microorganisms
What is the name of the process that destroys the unwanted seed coating of cocoa beans?
Fermentation
What is the main goal of studying food microbiology?
To provide clean, safe, and healthful food to consumers
Who is credited with developing canning as a method of food preservation?
Appert
What is the primary role of microorganisms in food production?
To ferment sugars to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide
When did the concept of 'food poisoning' become recognized?
900 AD
What is the primary role of yeasts in bread making?
To ferment sugars to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide
Why are some microorganisms undesirable in food production?
They cause food to spoil
What is the name of the process by which microorganisms convert sugars to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide?
Fermentation
What is the estimated date of beer production?
7000 BC
Study Notes
History of Food Microbiology
- Early food preservation: 900 AD - "Food Poisoning" recognized
- 1795 - Appert developed canning
- 1854-1864 - Food Microbiology becomes a science, thanks to Louis Pasteur
Importance of Food Microbiology
- Provide clean, safe, healthful food to consumers
- Control microbial growth to prevent food spoilage and food-borne illnesses
- Preserve and produce food using microorganisms
Microorganisms in Food Production
- Bacteria, viruses, and fungi (yeasts and molds) are microorganisms used in food production
- Some microorganisms are undesirable, causing spoilage or illness, while others are used to make food
- History of microorganism use in foods: cheese, yogurt, bread, wine, and beer production
Microorganisms in Food
- Microorganisms are used to make cheese, yogurt, and bread
- Yeasts are used in bread production to ferment sugars and produce carbon dioxide
- Lactic acid bacteria are used in sourdough bread to provide a sour taste
- Moulds are used in blue cheese production to give it a unique characteristic
- Bacteria are used in yogurt production to thicken milk and provide a sour taste
Fermented Foods
- Soy-based products: soy sauce, miso soup, tempeh, and fermented meat and fish products
- Fermented vegetables: kimchi, sauerkraut, pickled gherkins, and condiments like yeast extract, Worcestershire sauce, and hot sauce
- Drinks: kombucha, kvass, and vinegar
- Mycoprotein: a meat alternative made from fungus
- Chocolate: fermented cocoa beans are used to make chocolate
Food Safety
- Food safety is divided into three categories: biological, chemical, and physical hazards
- Indicators of food microbial quality and safety: predictive microbiology and microbial modeling
This quiz covers the basics and importance of food microbiology, including its history, importance of studying microbiology, and its applications in ensuring food safety and quality.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
