Applied Linguistics Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are considered fields of applied linguistics?

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Sociolinguistics
  • Language teaching
  • All of the above (correct)

The term "Applied Linguistics" is primarily associated with language teaching and learning, rather than other fields like psychology or sociology.

True (A)

What are the two main reasons why teaching and learning a language are dynamic activities?

Teaching and learning a language are dynamic activities because they involve active human beings in changing social environments and they bring together various types of learners who are also constantly changing.

The task of the applied linguist is to simplify complex theoretical concepts for language teachers.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are considered criteria in applied linguistics?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three terms that Anthony (1963) uses to describe distinct levels of language teaching and learning?

<p>The three terms that Anthony (1963) uses to describe distinct levels of language teaching and learning are 'approach,' 'method,' and 'technique.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

The traditional grammar approach primarily focuses on the written form of language, considering the spoken form as 'vulgar' or 'degenerate.'

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The traditional grammar approach utilizes the 'grammar-translation method' where students learn by translating between languages.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the structuralist approach?

<p>Views errors as a sign of a lack of understanding. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The structuralist approach gave rise to the 'audio-lingual method' which utilizes various techniques like oral exercises, listening exercises, and visual aids.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the main drawbacks of the structuralist approach?

<p>The main drawbacks of the structuralist approach were its overemphasis on form, to the detriment of meaning and function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The transformational generative grammar approach is considered a mentalistic approach, viewing errors as healthy signs of learning.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The transformational generative grammar approach gave rise to the 'transformational generative grammar method,' which emphasizes both the abstract and concrete aspects of language.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The functionalist approach prioritizes the functions of language over form, viewing language as an open system.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main task of the applied linguist in the functionalist approach?

<p>The main task of the applied linguist in the functionalist approach is to find ways of adapting the multifunctional nature of language to the requirements of the learners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The functionalist method is also known as the "communicative approach," focusing on communication as the central goal of language learning.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the situational approach?

<p>The main focus of the situational approach is on the situations where the target language is used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The notional approach, closely related to the functionalist approach, focuses on relating language to its contexts of use.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Applied Linguistics

This is a field of study that uses linguistic findings to apply them to other areas like psychology, sociology, and education.

Language Teaching and Learning

This subfield of applied linguistics focuses on learning and teaching languages, particularly in educational settings.

Traditional Grammar Approach

This approach to language teaching emphasizes the written form of language, its structure, and focuses on translating between languages.

Traditional Grammar Method

This method, based on the Traditional Grammar Approach, focuses on teaching the form of the target language and not its functions, heavily relying on translation.

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Structuralist Approach

This approach to language teaching views language as a tool for communication, acquired through a stimulus-response process.

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Structuralist Method

This method, based on the Structuralist Approach, focuses on drilling and memorization of patterns, aiming to make language learning automatic.

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Audio-Lingual Method

This variation of the structuralist method emphasizes the use of spoken language, employing techniques like oral exercises and audio-visual aids.

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Transformational Generative Grammar Approach

This approach to language teaching believes language is primarily a product of human thought, monitored by the brain, and errors are seen as learning opportunities.

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Transformational Generative Grammar Method

This method, based on the Transformational Generative Grammar Approach, recognizes both the abstract and concrete aspects of language, shifting focus onto the learner.

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Functionalist Approach

This approach to language teaching prioritizes the functions of language in real-life contexts, recognizing language's open and adaptable nature.

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Functionalist Method

This method promotes communication skills, placing emphasis on meaning and context, and using language in real-life situations.

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Situational Approach

This method focuses on the practical aspects of using language in specific situations and contexts.

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Notional Approach

This approach focuses on the meaning behind language, connecting language to its context and purpose.

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Approaches

These are hypotheses or assumptions about the nature of language, language teaching, and language learning, often based on various academic fields.

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Methods

These are plans or procedures that outline the order and method of presenting language content to learners.

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Techniques

These are specific ways that teachers utilize a method or plan in a classroom setting.

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Policy-makers

These are individuals who set the direction and policies for language education.

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Communicative Competence

This refers to the ability to use language effectively in real-life communicative situations.

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Study Notes

Applied Linguistics

  • Applied linguistics is a broad field encompassing various areas, including psychology, sociology, and education.
  • It's strongly linked to language teaching and learning, particularly for students preparing to teach at the secondary school level in Arabic-speaking countries.

Scope of Applied Linguistics

  • Language teaching and learning are dynamic processes influenced by social, psychological, and administrative changes.
  • Applied linguistics aims to bridge the gap between theoretical linguistics and classroom practice by translating theoretical concepts into practical classroom applications.
  • Important factors impacting linguistic approaches include the speaker, the listener, and the context of the speech.

Approaches to Language Teaching

  • Approach: broad theoretical framework encompassing various hypotheses regarding language, teaching, and learning.
  • Method: a set of procedures and materials for implementing an approach.
  • Technique: classroom-based activities employed to put a method into practice.

Traditional Grammar Approach

  • Focuses on the form of language, neglecting its functions and spoken forms.
  • Relies heavily on translation-based language learning.
  • Views the teacher as primary authority, with limited student autonomy.

Structuralist Approach

  • Emphasizes the importance of observable language features (particularly sound patterns, syntax, and morphology) over meaning.
  • Utilizes stimulus-response learning methods and repetition.
  • Errors are viewed as habits or interference from other languages and need to be corrected.
  • Assumes a mechanistic view of language acquisition.

Transformational Generative Approach

  • Based on psycholinguistic theories.
  • Recognizes that errors are normal parts of language development.
  • Considers both abstract and concrete aspects of language.

Functionalist Approach

  • Emphasizes language function over its form.
  • Highlights the importance of communicative competence.
  • Examines variables such as language contexts and speaker/listener roles
  • Acknowledges linguistic factors like context of use and the speaker's role.

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Description

Explore the key concepts and approaches in Applied Linguistics, focusing on language teaching and learning. This quiz covers the influence of various factors such as psychology and sociology on teaching methodologies and classroom practices. Perfect for those interested in linguistics, education, and language pedagogy.

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