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Questions and Answers
Which effect is characterized by an instantaneous process with no significant time lag?
What is one application of the Photoelectric Effect?
What does Compton's Observations reveal about the change in wavelength of scattered radiation?
In the photoelectric effect, what is determined by the frequency of the incident radiation?
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Which theory explains that an incident photon loses energy when interacting with an electron?
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What property of incident radiation determines whether photoelectrons will be emitted in the photoelectric effect?
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What is the work function of a metal if light of wavelength 2200 Ã… causes photoelectrons to be emitted with a maximum kinetic energy of 4.00 eV?
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What phenomenon provides strong evidence in support of the quantum theory of radiation?
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If a light source with a certain wavelength ejects photoelectrons with a maximum kinetic energy of 1.00 eV, what would be the maximum kinetic energy if the light source wavelength is halved?
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When light of wavelength 390 nm is directed at a metal electrode and a potential difference of 1.10 V is applied to stop the photoelectrons, what is the work function of the metal?
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If an incident X-ray with a wavelength of 71 pm hits a calcite target, what process might this be related to?
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In the Compton effect, what does h/m0c represent for a particle undergoing scattering?
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In the Compton Effect X-Ray Scattering Experiment, what did Compton assume about quantum particles?
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What happens to the wavelength of a scattered wave if a photon strikes an electron at rest?
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What is the equation for the loss in photon energy in the Compton effect?
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What is the relationship between the total energy of a particle and its rest mass energy?
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What does equation (E) derived from the Compton effect relate?
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What is the significance of equation (F) derived from the Compton effect?
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Study Notes
Photoelectric Effect
- The process of photoelectric effect is instantaneous, with a delay of only 10^-8 seconds.
- Applications of photoelectric effect include:
- Automatic fire alarm
- Determining opacity of solids and liquids
- Automatic burglar alarm
- Automatic switching of street lights
- Scanners in television transmission
- Controlling temperature of furnace
- Reproduction of sound in cinema film
- Photometry
- Measuring thickness of paper in paper industry
- Beauty meter to measure skin complexion
- Locating flaws or holes in finished goods
- Light meters used in cinema industry
Compton Effect
- The scattered radiation has a smaller frequency and longer wavelength than the incident beam.
- The change in wavelength depends on the angle of scattering and not on the material.
- Compton effect is evidence in support of the quantum theory of radiation.
- Compton wavelength of the scattering particle is λ = h/m0c, where λ is the wavelength of the scattered radiation, h is Planck's constant, and m0 is the rest mass of the particle.
- For an electron, the Compton wavelength is approximately 0.024 Ã….
Numerical Problems
- Example problems include:
- Determining the work function of a metal using the energy of photoelectrons
- Finding the threshold wavelength and stopping potential for a metal
- Determining the work function of a metal and the maximum wavelength of light that can eject electrons
Compton Effect Theory
- Compton assumed that the photon behaves like a billiard ball in collision with other particles.
- The photon strikes an electron at rest, and the scattered wave has a longer wavelength.
- Energy and momentum are conserved in the elastic collision.
- The photon energy loss is equal to the electron energy gain.
- The Compton effect equation is derived by considering momentum conservation in the direction of the original photon and perpendicular to it.
Compton Effect Equations
- The equations derived from the Compton effect include: +Energy conservation: E = pc +Momentum conservation: p = hν/c +Scattered photon energy: E' = hν' +Wavelength change: λ' - λ = (1 - cosθ) / (m0c)
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Description
Test your knowledge on the applications of the photoelectric effect in various technologies such as automatic fire alarms, burglar alarms, street lights, television transmission, and more. Explore how this phenomenon is utilized in different practical scenarios.
