Applications of Fiber in Disease Treatment and Prevention

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Which macronutrient is fiber classified under?

Fat

Carbohydrate (correct)

Protein

Vitamin

What is the role of fiber in weight control?

Decreases satiety

Reduces absorption of nutrients like glucose and fat (correct)

Increases fat absorption

Increases glucose absorption

In disease treatment, how does fiber impact Diabetes Mellitus?

Causes insulin resistance

Reduces the rate of glucose absorption (correct)

Has no impact on glucose levels

Increases the rate of glucose absorption

Which type of fiber is described as isolated, non-digestible carbohydrates providing physiological benefits?

Psyllium Signup and view all the answers

How many calories per gram does soluble fiber contribute according to US standards?

4 cal Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the physicochemical properties that can affect a fiber's functionality?

Residence time and fermentation rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the caloric contribution of insoluble fiber according to US standards?

0 cal Signup and view all the answers

Which type of treatment can enhance the digestibility of grains by exposing the plasma membrane and intracellular components?

Particle size reduction Signup and view all the answers

How can the fermentability of a fiber be influenced?

By altering viscosity Signup and view all the answers

Which processing method can enhance the digestibility of grains by disrupting the plant cell wall?

Sprouting Signup and view all the answers

What is one chemical treatment that can affect the digestibility of grains?

Alkali digestion Signup and view all the answers

Which type of treatment can alter the physical structure of grains to enhance their digestibility?

Physical treatments like milling Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism that supports the laxative effects of large insoluble fiber like wheat bran?

Stimulates the secretion of water and mucus Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fiber helps stool resist dehydration in the colon?

Viscous, gel-forming fiber Signup and view all the answers

How does soluble viscous fiber potentially lower blood pressure?

Indirectly through effects on other cardiometabolic parameters Signup and view all the answers

What property of fiber allows it to have a potential laxative effect?

Bacterial fermentation resistance Signup and view all the answers

What effect does large insoluble fiber like wheat bran have on the colonic mucosa?

Stimulates water and mucus secretion Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fiber resists bacterial fermentation and remains intact in the colon transit?

Soluble, viscous fiber Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism underlying the cholesterol-lowering effect of highly viscous fibers?

Prevent the reabsorption of bile in the terminal ileum Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fiber is most effective in lowering serum cholesterol levels?

High molecular weight β-glucan Signup and view all the answers

Which fiber type is associated with the highest reduction in systolic blood pressure?

Psyllium Signup and view all the answers

How do soluble viscous fibers influence glycemic control?

Slow the degradation of complex nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Which fiber type plays a significant role in improving regularity in stool elimination?

Wheat bran Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that allows soluble viscous fibers to improve glycemic control?

Slowing the degradation of complex nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What are some adverse effects of very high intakes of certain functional fibers?

Flatulence, bloating, diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological process produces intestinal gas as a result of dietary fiber fermentation?

Fermentation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions might be negatively impacted by combining fiber with medication?

Depression, diabetes, high cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the physicochemical factors of dietary fiber that affects nutrient absorption?

Enzymatic breakdown Signup and view all the answers

What kind of starch resists enzymatic digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract?

Resistant Starch Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, where does resistant starch demonstrate resistance to digestion?

In the plant cell wall matrix Signup and view all the answers