30 Questions
Which macronutrient is fiber classified under?
Carbohydrate
What is the role of fiber in weight control?
Reduces absorption of nutrients like glucose and fat
In disease treatment, how does fiber impact Diabetes Mellitus?
Reduces the rate of glucose absorption
Which type of fiber is described as isolated, non-digestible carbohydrates providing physiological benefits?
Psyllium
How many calories per gram does soluble fiber contribute according to US standards?
4 cal
What are some of the physicochemical properties that can affect a fiber's functionality?
Residence time and fermentation rate
What is the caloric contribution of insoluble fiber according to US standards?
0 cal
Which type of treatment can enhance the digestibility of grains by exposing the plasma membrane and intracellular components?
Particle size reduction
How can the fermentability of a fiber be influenced?
By altering viscosity
Which processing method can enhance the digestibility of grains by disrupting the plant cell wall?
Sprouting
What is one chemical treatment that can affect the digestibility of grains?
Alkali digestion
Which type of treatment can alter the physical structure of grains to enhance their digestibility?
Physical treatments like milling
What is the mechanism that supports the laxative effects of large insoluble fiber like wheat bran?
Stimulates the secretion of water and mucus
Which type of fiber helps stool resist dehydration in the colon?
Viscous, gel-forming fiber
How does soluble viscous fiber potentially lower blood pressure?
Indirectly through effects on other cardiometabolic parameters
What property of fiber allows it to have a potential laxative effect?
Bacterial fermentation resistance
What effect does large insoluble fiber like wheat bran have on the colonic mucosa?
Stimulates water and mucus secretion
Which type of fiber resists bacterial fermentation and remains intact in the colon transit?
Soluble, viscous fiber
What is the primary mechanism underlying the cholesterol-lowering effect of highly viscous fibers?
Prevent the reabsorption of bile in the terminal ileum
Which type of fiber is most effective in lowering serum cholesterol levels?
High molecular weight β-glucan
Which fiber type is associated with the highest reduction in systolic blood pressure?
Psyllium
How do soluble viscous fibers influence glycemic control?
Slow the degradation of complex nutrients
Which fiber type plays a significant role in improving regularity in stool elimination?
Wheat bran
What is the key factor that allows soluble viscous fibers to improve glycemic control?
Slowing the degradation of complex nutrients
What are some adverse effects of very high intakes of certain functional fibers?
Flatulence, bloating, diarrhea
Which physiological process produces intestinal gas as a result of dietary fiber fermentation?
Fermentation
Which of the following conditions might be negatively impacted by combining fiber with medication?
Depression, diabetes, high cholesterol
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the physicochemical factors of dietary fiber that affects nutrient absorption?
Enzymatic breakdown
What kind of starch resists enzymatic digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract?
Resistant Starch
Based on the text, where does resistant starch demonstrate resistance to digestion?
In the plant cell wall matrix
Explore the role of fiber in disease prevention and treatment, including weight control, managing diarrhea, and its impact on diabetes mellitus. Learn how fiber can help reduce glucose absorption and improve overall health.
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