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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the ischial tuberosity?
What is the primary function of the ischial tuberosity?
Which structure is located superior to the ischial tuberosity?
Which structure is located superior to the ischial tuberosity?
Why is the ilium referred to as the 'sit-down bone'?
Why is the ilium referred to as the 'sit-down bone'?
What is the acetabulum primarily associated with?
What is the acetabulum primarily associated with?
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What role does the ischial spine play during childbirth?
What role does the ischial spine play during childbirth?
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What allows the scapula to move freely against the thorax?
What allows the scapula to move freely against the thorax?
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Which two processes are associated with the scapula?
Which two processes are associated with the scapula?
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What is the primary function of the glenoid cavity?
What is the primary function of the glenoid cavity?
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What is a characteristic feature of the shoulder joint?
What is a characteristic feature of the shoulder joint?
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Which part of the humerus flanks the coronoid fossa?
Which part of the humerus flanks the coronoid fossa?
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How is the scapula attached to the axial skeleton?
How is the scapula attached to the axial skeleton?
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Which organ is primarily protected by the pelvis?
Which organ is primarily protected by the pelvis?
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What is the role of the acromion process?
What is the role of the acromion process?
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What structure is formed by the fusion of three bones in each hip bone?
What structure is formed by the fusion of three bones in each hip bone?
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Which angle of the scapula is located at the top?
Which angle of the scapula is located at the top?
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What is the role of ligaments in the carpus?
What is the role of ligaments in the carpus?
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The acetabulum is described as a deep socket that:
The acetabulum is described as a deep socket that:
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What is the significance of the greater sciatic notch?
What is the significance of the greater sciatic notch?
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Which statement about the iliac spine is true?
Which statement about the iliac spine is true?
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How many bones are in the carpus?
How many bones are in the carpus?
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Injections in the buttock should be given away from which area to prevent nerve damage?
Injections in the buttock should be given away from which area to prevent nerve damage?
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What shape does the acetabulum resemble?
What shape does the acetabulum resemble?
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Which part of the large intestine does the pelvis help protect?
Which part of the large intestine does the pelvis help protect?
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Which bones are primarily responsible for carrying the body's weight in the tarsus?
Which bones are primarily responsible for carrying the body's weight in the tarsus?
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What is the main function of ligaments and tendons in the foot?
What is the main function of ligaments and tendons in the foot?
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What are the three types of arches found in the foot?
What are the three types of arches found in the foot?
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What condition is referred to as 'fallen arches'?
What condition is referred to as 'fallen arches'?
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How many tarsal bones make up the posterior half of the foot?
How many tarsal bones make up the posterior half of the foot?
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Which structure on the humerus serves as the attachment site for the deltoid muscle?
Which structure on the humerus serves as the attachment site for the deltoid muscle?
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What is the main function of the interosseous membrane?
What is the main function of the interosseous membrane?
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Which bony projection on the humerus is lateral to the head and acts as a site for muscle attachment?
Which bony projection on the humerus is lateral to the head and acts as a site for muscle attachment?
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Where is the olecranon fossa located?
Where is the olecranon fossa located?
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Which part of the humerus is most frequently fractured?
Which part of the humerus is most frequently fractured?
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Which bone is located on the thumb side of the forearm?
Which bone is located on the thumb side of the forearm?
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What is the significance of the radial groove on the humerus?
What is the significance of the radial groove on the humerus?
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The coronoid fossa is located above which structure on the humerus?
The coronoid fossa is located above which structure on the humerus?
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What does the term 'trochlea' refer to in relation to the humerus?
What does the term 'trochlea' refer to in relation to the humerus?
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What is the anatomical position of the lesser tubercle in relation to the greater tubercle?
What is the anatomical position of the lesser tubercle in relation to the greater tubercle?
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The radial tuberosity serves as the attachment site for which muscle tendon?
The radial tuberosity serves as the attachment site for which muscle tendon?
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How many phalanges are present in each hand?
How many phalanges are present in each hand?
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Which feature is characteristic of the head of the radius?
Which feature is characteristic of the head of the radius?
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The heads of the metacarpals become noticeable as what when the fist is clenched?
The heads of the metacarpals become noticeable as what when the fist is clenched?
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What is the heaviest, strongest, and longest bone in the body?
What is the heaviest, strongest, and longest bone in the body?
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Which part of the femur is a common site for fractures, especially in old age?
Which part of the femur is a common site for fractures, especially in old age?
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In the female pelvis, what characteristic allows for a wider pelvic inlet?
In the female pelvis, what characteristic allows for a wider pelvic inlet?
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What structure separates the medial and lateral condyle of the tibia?
What structure separates the medial and lateral condyle of the tibia?
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What serves as the roughened area on the anterior surface of the tibia where the patellar ligament attaches?
What serves as the roughened area on the anterior surface of the tibia where the patellar ligament attaches?
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Which bone does not participate in forming the knee joint?
Which bone does not participate in forming the knee joint?
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What is the significance of the interosseous membrane?
What is the significance of the interosseous membrane?
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What articulates with the distal end of the femur to form the knee joint?
What articulates with the distal end of the femur to form the knee joint?
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Which of the following structures is commonly referred to as the kneecap?
Which of the following structures is commonly referred to as the kneecap?
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What forms the outer part of the ankle?
What forms the outer part of the ankle?
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The structure that runs vertically on the anterior surface of the tibia and is easily felt beneath the skin is called what?
The structure that runs vertically on the anterior surface of the tibia and is easily felt beneath the skin is called what?
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Which segment of the lower limb consists of the tibia and fibula?
Which segment of the lower limb consists of the tibia and fibula?
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What allows for the pointing of toes and is superior to the calcaneus?
What allows for the pointing of toes and is superior to the calcaneus?
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What structure in the lower limb is crucial for supporting body weight and providing leverage during movement?
What structure in the lower limb is crucial for supporting body weight and providing leverage during movement?
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Study Notes
Appendicular Skeleton
- Makes up the bones of the upper and lower appendages (126 bones)
- Divided into 3 main parts:
- Skull
- Vertebral column
- Thoracic cage
Upper Appendages
-
Pectoral Girdle (Shoulder Girdle):
- Consists of 2 bones (clavicle and scapula)
- Lightweight, allowing for exceptional upper limb mobility.
- Easily dislocated due to poor ligament reinforcement.
-
Clavicles (Collarbones):
- Slender, doubly-curved bones
- Attach to sternum medially and scapula laterally.
- Act as a brace, preventing shoulder dislocation.
- Broken clavicle causes shoulder region to cave in.
-
Scapulae (Shoulder Blades):
- Two flat, triangular bones
- Not directly attached to the axial skeleton but held in place by muscles.
- Has two important processes (acromion and coracoid)
- Important for muscle attachment.
-
Upper Limb:
- Comprised of arm, forearm, and hand
Lower Appendages
-
Pelvic Girdle:
- Bearing weight is the main function, supporting the upper body.
- Made up of two coxal bones (hip).
- Attached to the axial skeleton via sacral connection to L5 lumbar vertebra.
- Supports and protects reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and part of the large intestine.
- Consist of 3 separate bones (ilium, ischium, pubis) that fuse.
-
Lower Limb:
- Includes the thigh (femur), leg (tibia and fibula), and foot.
Pelvis: Male vs Female
-
Female Pelvis:
- Generally wider, facilitating childbirth.
- Wider pubic angle (more than 90°).
- Wider outlet.
-
Male Pelvis:
- Generally narrower than the female pelvis.
- Narrower pubic angle (less than 90°).
- Narrower outlet.
Lower Limbs
-
Thigh (Femur):
- Heaviest, strongest, and longest bone.
- Its head fits into the acetabulum (hip socket).
-
Leg (Tibia and Fibula):
- The tibia is larger and more medial than the fibula and acts as the shin bone
-
Foot:
- Composed of tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges (toes).
- Includes 3 strong arches (2 longitudinal and 1 transverse)
- Supports weight and allows for forward motion (walking, running)
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Description
This quiz explores the anatomy of the appendicular skeleton, including the upper and lower appendages and their respective components. Learn about the pectoral girdle, clavicles, scapulae, and the pelvic girdle, along with their functions and contributions to mobility.
