Appendicular Skeleton Overview

Loosely attached to the trunk, allowing movement against the thorax.

The scapula has two important processes: Acromion and Coracoid.

The shoulder joint is not strongly supported by ligaments.

A shallow socket on the scapula that holds the humerus head.

The enlarged lateral end of the scapula's spine.

Forms the upper arm, a long bone.

The rounded top of the humerus that fits into the scapula.

The medial and lateral processes on the humerus, allowing elbow motion.

The hip bone formed by the fusion of three bones: ilium, ischium, and pubis.

The socket on the coxal bone where the head of the femur (thigh bone) articulates.

A roughened area on the ischium that bears body weight when sitting.

A bony projection on the ischium that narrows the pelvic outlet, restricting the baby's passage during birth.

The largest and uppermost part of the coxal bone, forming the pelvic brim.

The pelvis protects reproductive organs, the urinary bladder, and part of the large intestine.

Each hip bone is formed by fusing three bones: ilium, ischium, and pubis.

The superior ridge of the ilium bone.

A bony projection at the front top of the hip bone.

Allows blood vessels and sciatic nerve to pass from pelvis to thigh.

Eight bones forming two rows, arranged irregularly in the wrist.

The hip bones are fused together in to a structure.

A shallow socket in the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus, forming the shoulder joint.

A slight constriction separating the head of the humerus from the tubercles.

A groove between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus.

A prominent bony projection on the humerus, serving as an attachment site for muscles.

A smaller bony projection on the humerus, serving as an attachment site for muscles.

The most frequently fractured part of the humerus.

A roughened area on the humerus where the deltoid muscle attaches.

A groove on the humerus that houses the radial nerve.

A spool-shaped structure at the distal end of the humerus.

A ball-like structure at the distal end of the humerus, articulating with the radius.

A depression above the trochlea on the anterior surface of the humerus.

A depression on the posterior surface of the humerus for the olecranon process of the ulna.

Lateral bone of the forearm, on the thumb side.

Medial bone of the forearm, on the little finger side.

A flexible membrane connecting the radius and ulna along their length.

The foot is made up of tarsals (ankle bones), metatarsals (mid-foot bones), and phalanges (toe bones).

The foot has three arches: two longitudinal arches (medial and lateral) and one transverse arch.

The arches help distribute weight and allow for shock absorption during walking and running.

The tarsus is the posterior (back) half of the foot and contains seven tarsal bones.

The calcaneus (heel bone) and talus are the two largest tarsal bones and bear most of the body's weight.

The size of the pelvic inlet and outlet are crucial for childbirth, especially for women.

The male pelvis is thicker and stronger, while the female pelvis is wider to accommodate childbirth.

The lower limb is divided into the thigh, leg, and foot.

The femur is the only bone in the thigh.

The femur is the heaviest, strongest, and longest bone in the human body.

The femur's head fits into the acetabulum (hip socket), forming a strong joint.

The femur slants medially, bringing the knees in line with the body's center of gravity.

The femur's medial slant is more pronounced in women due to their wider pelvis.

The femur has various bony bumps (greater & lesser trochanter, etc.) for muscle attachments.

The leg contains the tibia (shin bone) and fibula, connected by the interosseous membrane.

The tibia is larger and more medial than the fibula.

The tibia forms the knee joint with the femur and the ankle joint with the talus.

The patella (kneecap) is a sesamoid bone that protects the knee joint.

The fibula is a thin bone that lies laterally to the tibia, and helps stabilize the ankle joint.

The lower limb supports our body weight, acts as a lever for movement, and propels us forward.