Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the femur in the human body?
What is the main function of the femur in the human body?
- Serves as the principle bone of the lower limb (correct)
- Connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton
- Acts as an attachment point for the hip muscles
- Facilitates wrist movement
Which feature is found on the ulna?
Which feature is found on the ulna?
- Styloid process for wrist ligament attachment (correct)
- Condyles at the distal end
- Trochanters at the proximal end
- Head with a flat articular surface
Which of the following accurately describes the radial bone?
Which of the following accurately describes the radial bone?
- Most medial bone of the forearm
- Involved in the movement of the elbow joint
- Main function is for muscle attachment
- Head articulates with the capitulum (correct)
In the context of the pectoral girdle, which joint directly connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton?
In the context of the pectoral girdle, which joint directly connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton?
What is true about the carpal bones in the wrist?
What is true about the carpal bones in the wrist?
Which joint is formed by the acromioclavicular articulation?
Which joint is formed by the acromioclavicular articulation?
What is the shape of the lunate bone?
What is the shape of the lunate bone?
What is the function of the patellar groove?
What is the function of the patellar groove?
Which bone is considered larger in the leg anatomy?
Which bone is considered larger in the leg anatomy?
Which of the following bones is part of the proximal row of carpal bones?
Which of the following bones is part of the proximal row of carpal bones?
What does the scapular spine do as it moves laterally and superiorly?
What does the scapular spine do as it moves laterally and superiorly?
The glenoid cavity forms a ball and socket joint with which bone?
The glenoid cavity forms a ball and socket joint with which bone?
What is the significance of the infraspinous fossa on the scapula?
What is the significance of the infraspinous fossa on the scapula?
Which structure articulates with the condyles of the femur?
Which structure articulates with the condyles of the femur?
What is the position of the lateral malleolus?
What is the position of the lateral malleolus?
What type of bone structure do the metacarpals possess?
What type of bone structure do the metacarpals possess?
Which of the following statements regarding the clavicle is true?
Which of the following statements regarding the clavicle is true?
Which phalanx configuration is correct for the thumb?
Which phalanx configuration is correct for the thumb?
What is the shape of the medial curve of the clavicle?
What is the shape of the medial curve of the clavicle?
Flashcards
Appendicular skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
The appendicular skeleton is made up of the limbs and their attachment points to the axial skeleton. It is responsible for movement, manipulation, and locomotion.
Pectoral girdle
Pectoral girdle
The pectoral girdle is a bone structure that connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton. It provides attachment points for muscles and allows for movement of the shoulder.
Ulna
Ulna
The ulna is the medial bone of the forearm, located on the pinky side. Its key features include the coronoid process (anterior) and the olecranon process (posterior, forming the point of the elbow).
Femur
Femur
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Radius
Radius
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Acromioclavicular Joint
Acromioclavicular Joint
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Glenohumeral Joint
Glenohumeral Joint
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Scapula
Scapula
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Glenoid Cavity
Glenoid Cavity
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Scapular Spine
Scapular Spine
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Acromion Process
Acromion Process
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Patellar Groove
Patellar Groove
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Medial Epicondyle
Medial Epicondyle
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Subscapular fossa
Subscapular fossa
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Fibula
Fibula
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Head of the Humerus
Head of the Humerus
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Medial Malleolus
Medial Malleolus
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Tibial tuberosity
Tibial tuberosity
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Study Notes
Appendicular Skeleton
- Appendicular skeleton structures include the appendages (limbs) and attachment points to the axial skeleton.
- Bony features are probable attachment points for muscles.
Pectoral Girdle
- Function: Attachment for the upper limb.
- Main joints: Sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, and glenohumeral.
- Sternoclavicular: Connects sternum and clavicle, crucial for upper limb attachment to axial skeleton.
- Acromioclavicular: Connects clavicle and scapula.
- Glenohumeral: Connects humerus and scapula.
- Scapula: Triangular bone behind rib cage, containing the glenoid cavity for humerus.
- Clavicle: Collarbone, connecting sternum and acromion process to form the pectoral girdle
- Acromion process: Part of scapula, articulating with clavicle.
- Structures like supraspinous/infraspinous fossa and subscapular fossa are found on posterior and anterior sides of scapula.
- Clavicle's medial curve is convex and lateral curve is concave.
Humerus (Arm)
- Head: Articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula.
- Anatomical neck: Distal to head.
- Greater/Lesser Tubercles: Bulges laterally, muscle attachment points.
- Intertubercular sulcus: Groove for biceps brachii tendon.
- Surgical neck: Region distal to tubercles, prone to fractures.
- Epicondyles: Large lateral and medial projections on distal end, for muscle attachments.
- Capitulum/Trochlea: Articulations for radius and ulna.
Ulna & Radius (Forearm)
- Radius: Lateral (thumb side).
- Head: Proximal end, articulates with the capitulum.
- Radius and ulna have styloid process for wrist ligament attachment.
- Ulna: Medial (pinky side), has trochlear and coronoid process for elbow joint.
Carpal (Wrist)
- Eight carpal bones in two rows.
- Named for shapes; important for wrist movement and flexibility.
Metacarpals (Palm)
- Five metacarpal bones (1-5 from thumb).
- Long bones with base, shaft, and head (distal).
Phalanges (Digits)
- Fourteen phalanges (long bones) per hand.
- Proximal, middle, and distal.
- Thumb has only two phalanges.
Pelvic Girdle (Hip)
- Function: Attachment for lower limb.
- Pubic symphysis: Two coxal bones joined by fibrocartilage at anterior.
- Sacroiliac joint: Sacrum and coxa joint.
- Coxa: Fusion of ilium, pubis, and ischium.
- Acetabulum: Deep fossa for femur articulation.
Femur (Thigh)
- Longest and strongest bone in body.
- Head, followed by neck, body and distal condyles.
- Trochanters (greater and lesser) are attachment points for hip and thigh muscles.
- Condyles (medial and lateral) articulate with the tibia for knee joint.
Tibia & Fibula (Leg)
- Tibia (Larger): Primary weight-bearing bone.
- Tibial tuberosity, condyle and malleolus.
- Fibula (Smaller): Lateral support, muscle attachments; lesser weight bearing. Fibula also has malleolus.
Tarsal (Ankle)
- Seven tarsal bones, including the talus (main ankle bone).
- Calcaneus (heel bone): largest.
- Navicular is anterior to talus.
- Distal row articulates with metatarsals.
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