Apartheid and Nelson Mandela's Background

A system of racial segregation and discrimination enforced in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. It was based on the belief that white people are superior to other races and aimed to maintain a white-dominated society.

Designated areas in South Africa where black people were forced to live under apartheid. These areas were often smaller, less developed, and lacked resources compared to areas reserved for white people.

Nelson Mandela's original Xhosa name, meaning 'stirring up trouble'. This name reflects his rebellious spirit and his willingness to fight for justice.

The traditional religion of the Thembu people where Nelson Mandela was raised. This faith emphasized respect for ancestors and the natural world.

The traditional housing style of the Thembu people, made from natural materials and shaped like a beehive. This design provides warmth and protection from the elements.

A red-brown pigment used to dye blankets and represent the color of the Thembu faith. It symbolizes their connection to the earth and their spiritual beliefs.

Traditional food items consumed by the Thembu people. Maize and sorghum are grains, while beans and pumpkins are vegetables. Amasi is fermented milk. These foods reflect their agricultural lifestyle.

Nelson Mandela's role in his childhood village, looking after sheep and calves. This experience taught him responsibility, resilience, and the importance of working with animals.

A Chinese philosopher who lived from 551 to 479 BCE, known for his teachings on ethics, morality, and social order.

A collection of Confucius' teachings, consisting of 20 books, where he presents his ideas about virtue, ethics, and social harmony.

One of the three main ethical principles in Confucianism, emphasizing kindness, compassion, and empathy towards others.

A principle in Confucianism focusing on appropriate behavior and social etiquette, emphasizing respect for tradition and social harmony.

A Confucian concept promoting ceremonies and rituals that strengthen social bonds and express respect for traditions.

A type of Japanese folklore that narrates tales of long ago, often featuring heroic figures, magical elements, and moral lessons.

A genre of Japanese folklore known for its sorrowful and emotionally charged stories, often focusing on themes of loss, sacrifice, and regret.

Japanese folktales emphasizing the importance of repaying kindness, often featuring characters who receive aid and later return the favor.