AP Psychology Unit 9: Social Psychology

The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.

The theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition.

The tendency to attribute other people's behavior to dispositional (internal) causes rather than situational (external) causes.

<p>Patterns of feelings and beliefs about other people, ideas, or objects that are evaluative in nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward a common goal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Principles of right action, binding upon the members of a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A rigid attitude based on group membership that predisposes an individual to act negatively toward another group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A generalized belief about a group of people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behaving differently, usually unfairly, toward the members of a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>&quot;Us&quot; - people with whom one shares a common identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>&quot;Them&quot; - those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to favor our own group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people get what they deserve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The principle that frustration creates anger which can generate aggression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contains intimacy and commitment; basically a long-term friendship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, aiming to maximize benefits and minimize costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A struggle between opposing forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A situation in which conflicting parties become caught in mutually destructive behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mutual views often held by conflicting people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A belief that leads to its own fulfillment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers