Questions and Answers
What is figure ground in perception?
Relating to or denoting the perception of images by the distinction of objects from a background from which they appear to stand out, especially in contexts where this distinction is ambiguous.
What does grouping refer to?
A set of people acting together with a common interest or purpose, especially within a larger organization.
What does proximity mean in visual perception?
Objects that are near, or proximate, to each other tend to be grouped together.
How is similarity defined in perception?
Signup and view all the answers
What is continuity in psychological terms?
Signup and view all the answers
What does connectedness refer to in perception?
Signup and view all the answers
What is closure in perception?
Signup and view all the answers
Define depth perception.
Signup and view all the answers
What are binocular cues?
Signup and view all the answers
What is retinal disparity?
Signup and view all the answers
What does convergence mean in the context of vision?
Signup and view all the answers
Define monocular cues.
Signup and view all the answers
What is relative size?
Signup and view all the answers
What does interposition refer to in perception?
Signup and view all the answers
What is relative clarity?
Signup and view all the answers
Define texture gradient.
Signup and view all the answers
What is relative height?
Signup and view all the answers
What does relative motion refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What is linear perspective?
Signup and view all the answers
How are light and shadow used in perception?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the phi phenomenon?
Signup and view all the answers
What does perceptual constancy refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What is size constancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What does shape constancy refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What is lightness constancy?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Perceptual Principles
- Figure Ground: Differentiation of objects from their background; crucial in ambiguous visual scenarios.
- Grouping: Individuals working together towards a shared goal, often within a larger entity.
- Proximity: Tendency of objects that are close to be perceived as a group.
- Similarity: Objects with shared attributes (color, shape, texture) are viewed as part of the same entity.
- Continuity: Consistent existence or perception over time; fluid continuation in visual perception.
- Connectedness: Perception of items that appear related or as one cohesive unit.
Visual Perception and Depth
- Closure: Perceiving incomplete shapes as finished wholes; brain fills gaps in visual information.
- Depth Perception: Ability to assess distances between objects in the field of vision.
- Binocular Cues: Depth cues arising from slightly different images received by each eye.
- Retinal Disparity: Difference in images from left and right eyes provides information on depth.
- Convergence: Inward movement of eyes for depth perception; eyes angle inward when focusing on closer objects.
- Monocular Cues: Depth cues available to one eye; important for perceiving depth in flat images.
Distance and Size Judgments
- Relative Size: Perception of size based on comparison with known objects; larger sizes typically indicate closeness.
- Interposition: Objects that overlap indicate depth; the obscured object is perceived as further away.
- Relative Clarity: Distant objects appear hazy due to atmospheric interference; clarity suggests proximity.
- Texture Gradient: Objects closer have more distinct textures than those farther away.
- Relative Height: Distant objects appear smaller and positioned higher in the visual field than nearer objects.
- Relative Motion: Movement of one object compared to another; crucial for detecting motion in a visual scene.
- Linear Perspective: Objects diminishing in size as they approach a vanishing point on the horizon.
Cues for Perception
- Light and Shadow: Light variations help the visual system determine depth and spatial relationships.
- Phi Phenomenon: Illusion of motion created by rapid succession of static images positioned slightly apart.
- Perceptual Constancy: Constant perception of familiar objects despite varying sensory input (shape, size, brightness).
- Size Constancy: Perceived size remains consistent despite changes in sensory input based on distance.
- Shape Constancy: Constant perception of an object's shape despite changes in viewing angle.
- Lightness Constancy: Perceptions of light and dark are affected by surrounding brightness, not just object properties; proposed by Hans Wallach.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of key terms in AP Psychology with these flashcards. Each card includes a word and its definition, helping you understand fundamental concepts like Figure Ground, Grouping, and Proximity. Perfect for preparing for exams or reinforcing your learning.