AP Psychology Chapter 3 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What do kinesthetic senses refer to?

  • Senses of pressure, temperature, and pain
  • Senses of light and sound
  • Senses related to taste and smell
  • Senses of muscle movement, posture, and strain on muscles and joints (correct)
  • What are stretch receptors?

    Receptors that sense muscle stretch and contraction; attached to Golgi tendon organs.

    What are Golgi tendon organs?

    Muscle fibers and different nerve endings that are attached to stretch receptors.

    What do vestibular senses control?

    <p>Equilibrium and awareness of body position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are vestibular receptors located?

    <p>In the inner ear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are vestibular sacs?

    <p>Sacs in the inner ear that sense gravitation and forward, backward, and vertical movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of vestibular organs?

    <p>Responsible for motion sickness, caused by discrepancies between visual information and vestibular sensation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest sense organ?

    <p>Skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do skin receptors sense?

    <p>Pressure, temperature, and pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The two paths of information travel from the medulla to the _____ to the parietal lobe or the _____ to the RF.

    <p>thalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the gate control theory explain?

    <p>It is the most commonly accepted explanation of pain, where a neurological gate in the spinal cord controls the transmission of pain messages to the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the biopsychosocial theory?

    <p>A theory that the interaction of biological, psychological, and cultural factors influence the intensity and duration of pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pain involve?

    <p>A feedback loop and can be intensified by fear or anxiety or lightened by positive beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the placebo effect?

    <p>Pain relief that occurs when a person believes a pill or procedure will reduce pain; the actual cause of relief seems to come from endorphins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Kinesthetic Senses

    • Involve awareness of muscle movement, posture, and the strain on muscles and joints.

    Stretch Receptors

    • Sensory structures that monitor muscle stretch and contraction; associated with Golgi tendon organs.

    Golgi Tendon Organs

    • Composed of muscle fibers and various nerve endings; connected to stretch receptors, playing a role in proprioception.

    Vestibular Senses

    • Responsible for maintaining equilibrium and awareness of body positions; receptors located in the inner ear aid in balance.

    Vestibular Sacs

    • Located in the inner ear, they detect gravitational and movement changes such as forward, backward, and vertical motions; situated between semicircular canals and cochlea.

    Vestibular Organs

    • These organs are linked to motion sickness, which can occur due to conflicts between visual information and vestibular sensations.

    Skin

    • Functions as the largest sensory organ of the body, encompassing various receptors.

    Skin Receptors

    • Detect and relay information about pressure, temperature, and pain sensations to the brain.

    Two Paths of Information

    • Sensory information travels from the medulla to the thalamus and then to the parietal lobe or to the reticular formation (RF) for processing.

    Gate Control Theory

    • Widely accepted explanation of pain perception, suggesting a neurological gate in the spinal cord regulates the pain messages sent to the brain.

    Biopsychosocial Theory

    • Explains pain as a consequence of the interplay between biological, psychological, and cultural factors, influencing its intensity and duration.

    Pain

    • Involves a feedback loop; can be intensified by negative emotions like fear and anxiety or mitigated by positive beliefs.

    Placebo Effect

    • A phenomenon where pain relief occurs due to the belief in the effectiveness of a pill or treatment; actual relief related to the release of endorphins in the body.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts from Chapter 3 of AP Psychology, focusing on kinesthetic and vestibular senses. Study essential definitions, such as kinesthetic senses, stretch receptors, and golgi tendon organs, to enhance your understanding of human movement and balance.

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