AP Human Geography: Unit 7 Vocabulary

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Questions and Answers

What is blockbusting?

A process encouraging urban development

A process where agents convince white homeowners to sell low due to fear of black families (correct)

A technique for increasing property values

A method of urban renewal

What does census data refer to?

A periodic and official count of a country's population

What is a central business district?

The downtown or nucleus of a city where retail stores, offices, and cultural activities are concentrated

What is commodification?

The process through which something is given monetary value Signup and view all the answers

DINKs refers to households that have two incomes and children.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a disamenity zone?

Mexico's maquiladoras Signup and view all the answers

What is an economic sector?

A segment or section of an economy, such as farming, manufacturing, mining, and transportation Signup and view all the answers

What are edge cities?

Large nodes of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area Signup and view all the answers

What is gentrification?

A process of converting an urban neighborhood from low-income renter-occupied to middle-class owner-occupied areas Signup and view all the answers

What are greenbelts?

Open spaces left in their natural condition Signup and view all the answers

What does infrastructure refer to?

The basic facilities and services that support a community Signup and view all the answers

What is land use?

How the land is used Signup and view all the answers

What are megacities?

Cities where high population growth and migration have caused explosive growth in population Signup and view all the answers

What is a megalopolis?

An extensive concentration of urbanized settlement formed by the coalescence of several metropolitan areas Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes a metropolitan area?

Contains a core urban area of 50,000 or more population Signup and view all the answers

What is mixed-use design?

Development that combines housing and businesses in one area Signup and view all the answers

What is the multiplier effect?

An effect in economics where an increase in spending leads to a larger increase in national income and consumption Signup and view all the answers

What is new urbanism?

An urban design that creates walkable neighborhoods with a diversity of housing and jobs Signup and view all the answers

What does NIMBY stand for?

Not In My Back Yard Signup and view all the answers

What is a primate city?

The largest city in its country or region, disproportionately larger than any others Signup and view all the answers

What are public services?

Services offered by the government for security and protection Signup and view all the answers

What does 'range of a service' refer to?

The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service Signup and view all the answers

What is redlining?

An unethical practice that restricts services based on race or ethnicity Signup and view all the answers

What does sanitation refer to?

Conditions relating to public health, especially clean drinking water and sewage disposal Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Concepts in Urban Geography

Blockbusting: A tactic where real estate agents persuade white homeowners to sell their properties at low prices due to fears of black families moving into the neighborhood, prevalent in the US during the 1960s and 1970s.
Census Data: An official count of a country's population, conducted at regular intervals, exemplified by the United States census in 2010.
Central Business District (CBD): The core area of a city characterized by high concentrations of retail, office buildings, and cultural activities, with significant building density and converging transportation systems, seen in cities like Washington D.C. and Baltimore.
Commodification: The process of assigning monetary value to goods or services, including raw materials such as agricultural products.
DINKs: Refers to households with dual incomes and no children, typically consisting of working couples without offspring.
Disamenity Zone: The poorest urban areas, often lacking basic city services and controlled by gangs or drug lords, exemplified by locations like Mexico's maquiladoras.
Economic Sector: Divisions within an economy, such as primary (agriculture), secondary (manufacturing), and tertiary (services) sectors.
Edge Cities: Predominantly commercial areas that develop on the outskirts of urban regions, exemplified by Arlington in the Dallas-Fort Worth area.
Gentrification: The transformation of urban neighborhoods from low-income renting areas to middle-class owner-occupied areas, as seen in Denver's lower downtown district.
Greenbelts: Designated open spaces preserved in their natural state, such as Central Park in New York City.
Infrastructure: Essential facilities and services that support the functionality of a community, including roadways and public transport networks.
Land Use: The categorization of how land is utilized, which can include agriculture, residential, commercial, etc.
Megacities: Urban areas that experience significant population growth, leading to large and densely populated cities like Shanghai.
Megalopolis: A vast urban area formed by the merging of multiple metropolitan regions, such as the urbanized northeastern corridor of the United States.
Metropolitan Area: A region that encompasses a core city with a population of 50,000 or more, including surrounding suburbs and exurbs.
Mixed-use Design: Urban planning approach combining residential and commercial development in a single area, evidenced by Marina City in Chicago.
Multiplier Effect: An economic principle where an increase in spending results in greater overall economic growth than the initial expenditure, often observed in tourist areas.
New Urbanism: A design movement advocating for walkable neighborhoods and diverse housing options, originated by international urban planners and architects, seen in developments like Beacon Cove in Port Melbourne.
NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard): A phenomenon where individuals oppose placing unwanted facilities or developments in their vicinity while having no objections to similar projects elsewhere.
Primate City: The largest urban center in a given country or region, significantly larger than any other city within the same area; examples include Paris, France.
Public Service: Government-provided services aimed at securing the welfare and safety of citizens and businesses, such as law enforcement.
Range (of a Service): The farthest distance consumers are willing to travel to access a service, often cited as around 15 miles.
Redlining: An unethical discriminatory practice that restricts access to services based on race or ethnicity, often denying loans or services to residents in specific areas.
Sanitation: Health conditions associated with the availability of clean drinking water and effective sewage disposal, crucial for public health, such as indoor plumbing systems.

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Test your understanding of key vocabulary in Unit 7 of AP Human Geography. This quiz covers essential terms related to population and urban issues, including blockbusting and census data. Perfect for study preparation or reinforcing your knowledge of the subject.