AP Gov 5.17 the Judiciary Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a Cert Petition?

A formal request for the Supreme Court to grant a writ of certiorari (correct)

A judicial order enforcing a right

A ruling by an appellate court that is anonymous

An opinion that agrees with the majority view

What is a concurring opinion?

A signed opinion that agrees with the majority's view, expressing a particular judge's reasoning.

What is the definition of a dissenting opinion?

A signed opinion in which one or more justices disagree with the majority view.

What are diversity cases?

Cases involving citizens of different states Signup and view all the answers

What are federal question cases?

Cases concerning the Constitution, federal laws, or treaties. Signup and view all the answers

What is judicial review?

The power to rule on the constitutionality of laws and actions by legislative and executive branches. Signup and view all the answers

What is a majority opinion?

Judicial opinion agreed upon by more than half of the deciding court. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Marbury v. Madison (1807)?

It established the Supreme Court's authority of judicial review. Signup and view all the answers

What is a per curiam decision?

A ruling by an appellate court where the written opinion is kept anonymous. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to remand a case?

When a higher court sends a case back to a lower court for further action. Signup and view all the answers

What is a remedy in legal terms?

A judicial order enforcing a right or redressing a wrong. Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule of four?

A rule stating that four justices must agree to grant a petition for certiorari. Signup and view all the answers

What does SCOTUS stand for?

Supreme Court of the United States. Signup and view all the answers

What is standing in legal contexts?

The legally protectable stake or interest an individual has in a dispute. Signup and view all the answers

What is a unanimous opinion?

A ruling where all justices are in agreement and one opinion is written. Signup and view all the answers

What is a writ of certiorari?

An order by a higher court directing a lower court to send up a case for review. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Terms in the Judiciary

Cert Petition: A formal request to the Supreme Court to hear an appeal through a writ of certiorari.
Concurring Opinion: A written opinion by a judge that agrees with the majority decision but emphasizes different reasoning.
Dissenting Opinion: A signed opinion by justices who disagree with the majority ruling in a case.
Diversity Cases: Cases involving parties from different states, allowing them to be tried in federal courts.
Federal Question Cases: Legal disputes that involve issues related to the Constitution, federal laws, or treaties.
Judicial Review: Established by Marbury v. Madison, it gives the Supreme Court the power to assess the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions.

Landmark Cases and Principles

Majority Opinion: An opinion that reflects the views of more than half of the justices in a decision.
Marbury v. Madison (1803): A pivotal case affirming the Supreme Court's authority for judicial review, strengthening the judiciary's role.
Per Curiam Decision: An anonymous ruling by an appellate court, indicating a collective decision without individual authorship.
Remand: When a higher court sends a case back to a lower court for further action or a new trial.

Judicial Processes and Rights

Remedy: A judicial order aimed at correcting a wrong or enforcing a right.
Rule of Four: A procedural rule requiring at least four justices to agree to grant a writ of certiorari for a case to be reviewed by the Supreme Court.
SCOTUS: An acronym referring to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Standing: The legal right of an individual to bring a lawsuit, based on a sufficient stake in the outcome.
Unanimous Opinion: A Supreme Court ruling where all justices agree, resulting in a single cohesive opinion.
Writ of Certiorari: An official order from a higher court to a lower court to submit a case for review.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key terms in the judiciary branch of the U.S. government with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential concepts like cert petitions and the different types of opinions in court cases. Perfect for AP Government students preparing for exams.