Questions and Answers
Which of the following is not a symptom of hypersecretion of growth hormone?
Which of the following is not a symptom of pheochromocytomas?
Besides adult muscle and bone, what other body organ is a major target for human growth hormone (hGH)?
The word root _____ means urine.
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The word root _____ means phosphate or phosphorus.
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The word root _____ means blood or lymph vessels.
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The word root _____ means attracted specifically to the specified organ or tissue.
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The word root _____ means feeding or eating.
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Overeating, or __________, is a sign associated with diabetes mellitus.
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FSH and LH are examples of _________ hormones, which target the ovaries or testes.
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Overproduction of urine, or _______, is a sign of diabetes mellitus.
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Upon the release of renin, ___________ is produced and stimulates vasoconstriction and the release of aldosterone.
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An enzyme that degrades second messengers like cAMP or cGMP is __________.
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Which hormones could theoretically be supplemented to improve fertility in humans?
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Which pituitary hormone might contribute to multiple births and why?
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Which of the following would be effective at treating congenital hyperinsulinism?
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Chemically, hormones belong chiefly to two molecular groups, the ____ and the ____.
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Define target cell.
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Identify the endocrine organ: located in the anterior neck; produces key hormones for metabolism.
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Identify the endocrine organ: produces the hormones that are stored in the posterior pituitary.
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Identify the endocrine organ: a mixed gland, located behind the stomach and close to the small intestine.
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Identify the endocrine organ: paired glands suspended in the scrotum.
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Study Notes
Pituitary Gland Tumors
- Excess growth hormone from pituitary gland tumors leads to symptoms such as hypertension and enlarged facial features.
- Elevated metabolic rate is not associated with hypersecretion of growth hormone; it's linked to Graves' disease (hyperthyroidism).
Pheochromocytomas
- Tumors of the adrenal medulla result in hypersecretion of catecholamines.
- Symptoms include heavy sweating, rapid heartbeat, and shortness of breath; flushed skin is not a symptom.
Human Growth Hormone Targets
- The liver, alongside muscle and bone, is a significant target for human growth hormone, stimulating protein synthesis.
Medical Terminology Roots
- "-uria" indicates urine-related processes.
- "phospho-" denotes phosphate or phosphorus.
- "angio-" refers to blood or lymph vessels.
- "-tropic" means attracted to a specific organ or tissue.
- "-phag-" relates to feeding or eating.
Diabetes Mellitus Indicators
- Overeating associated with diabetes is termed polyphagia.
- Excessive urine production is known as polyuria.
Hormonal Actions
- Renin release leads to the production of angiotensin II, which causes vasoconstriction and aldosterone release.
- Phosphodiesterase is an enzyme that degrades second messengers such as cAMP and cGMP.
Hormones and Fertility
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are critical for improving human fertility.
- Luteinizing hormone also contributes to the maturation of multiple eggs in a single ovulatory cycle, potentially leading to multiple births.
Congenital Hyperinsulinism
- Treatment for congenital hyperinsulinism may include methods to prevent insulin release, administering glucagon, or using glucocorticoids.
Hormone Classifications
- Hormones are primarily classified into two groups: endocrine and exocrine.
Target Cells
- Target cells are those within an organ that react to specific hormones, facilitating the hormone's effects.
Endocrine Organs
- The thyroid and parathyroid glands in the anterior neck are vital for metabolic hormones.
- The hypothalamus produces hormones like oxytocin and ADH for storage in the posterior pituitary.
- The pancreas, located behind the stomach near the small intestine, is a mixed gland involved in glucose regulation.
- The testes, located in the scrotum, are responsible for hormone production in males.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the symptoms associated with pituitary gland tumors and hypersecretion of growth hormone. This quiz will help reinforce the understanding of hormonal effects on the body and related clinical manifestations. Perfect for A&P 2 lab students preparing for assessments.
