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Questions and Answers
What symptom is categorized under criterion B for PTSD?
What symptom is categorized under criterion B for PTSD?
Which of the following would be classified as a symptom under criterion C?
Which of the following would be classified as a symptom under criterion C?
A significant feature of criterion D symptoms is a:
A significant feature of criterion D symptoms is a:
Which symptom is NOT part of criterion E related to alterations in arousal and reactivity?
Which symptom is NOT part of criterion E related to alterations in arousal and reactivity?
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To be diagnosed with PTSD, symptoms must persist for at least how long?
To be diagnosed with PTSD, symptoms must persist for at least how long?
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Which of the following is a requirement for the presence of PTSD symptoms?
Which of the following is a requirement for the presence of PTSD symptoms?
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What type of trauma could lead to a PTSD diagnosis according to the content?
What type of trauma could lead to a PTSD diagnosis according to the content?
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Which of the following is NOT part of the criteria for PTSD?
Which of the following is NOT part of the criteria for PTSD?
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Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with panic attacks?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with panic attacks?
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What is a defining characteristic of agoraphobia?
What is a defining characteristic of agoraphobia?
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Which of the following describes generalized anxiety disorder?
Which of the following describes generalized anxiety disorder?
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Which statement about panic disorder is true?
Which statement about panic disorder is true?
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What distinguishes specific phobias from other anxiety disorders?
What distinguishes specific phobias from other anxiety disorders?
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Which of the following is true about social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following is true about social anxiety disorder?
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What is a common symptom of generalized anxiety disorder?
What is a common symptom of generalized anxiety disorder?
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Which term refers to a panic attack that occurs without a clear trigger?
Which term refers to a panic attack that occurs without a clear trigger?
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Which subtype of anxiety disorder involves significant distress related to fears of specific animals?
Which subtype of anxiety disorder involves significant distress related to fears of specific animals?
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What is required for a diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)?
What is required for a diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)?
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Which of the following defines a characteristic behavior of a person with hoarding disorder?
Which of the following defines a characteristic behavior of a person with hoarding disorder?
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What is the primary characteristic of trichotillomania?
What is the primary characteristic of trichotillomania?
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What is a key feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
What is a key feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
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Which symptom cluster is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Which symptom cluster is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
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What triggers the diagnosis of PTSD?
What triggers the diagnosis of PTSD?
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What psychological state often accompanies negative affective states like perceived unattractiveness in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder?
What psychological state often accompanies negative affective states like perceived unattractiveness in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder?
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What is the minimum number of symptoms required for a diagnosis of acute stress disorder?
What is the minimum number of symptoms required for a diagnosis of acute stress disorder?
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Which of the following is NOT a criterion for adjustment disorder?
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for adjustment disorder?
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What distinguishes acute stress disorder from PTSD?
What distinguishes acute stress disorder from PTSD?
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In the context of mood disorders, which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with major depressive disorder?
In the context of mood disorders, which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with major depressive disorder?
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Which criterion specifies that symptoms do not persist for more than 6 months after the stressor is removed in adjustment disorder?
Which criterion specifies that symptoms do not persist for more than 6 months after the stressor is removed in adjustment disorder?
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What type of exposure qualifies for the antecedent event criterion in acute stress disorder?
What type of exposure qualifies for the antecedent event criterion in acute stress disorder?
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Which of the following describes a key feature of the stress response in adjustment disorder?
Which of the following describes a key feature of the stress response in adjustment disorder?
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Which DSM-5 criterion involves differentiating symptoms due to substances in diagnosing stress-related disorders?
Which DSM-5 criterion involves differentiating symptoms due to substances in diagnosing stress-related disorders?
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What characterizes persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)?
What characterizes persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)?
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Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with a major depressive episode (MDE)?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with a major depressive episode (MDE)?
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What distinguishes hypomania from mania?
What distinguishes hypomania from mania?
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What condition is characterized by alternating depressive symptoms and hypomanic episodes without meeting full criteria for bipolar disorder?
What condition is characterized by alternating depressive symptoms and hypomanic episodes without meeting full criteria for bipolar disorder?
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Which of the following best defines the symptoms of mixed features in a mood disorder?
Which of the following best defines the symptoms of mixed features in a mood disorder?
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For a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, what is required?
For a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, what is required?
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Which of the following best describes a major depressive episode (MDE) in DSM characteristics?
Which of the following best describes a major depressive episode (MDE) in DSM characteristics?
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What is a common symptom of anorexia nervosa?
What is a common symptom of anorexia nervosa?
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Study Notes
Anxiety Disorders
- Panic Disorders: Discrete periods of intense fear or discomfort (10 minutes). Requires 4/13 symptoms, including palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, choking, chest pain, dizziness, depersonalization, fear of losing control, or dying. Can be expected (cued) or unexpected (uncued). Cued by exposure to fear object/situation or anticipation. Uncued have no trigger. Diagnosis involves recurrent, unexpected panic attacks, and a month of concern about additional attacks or implications.
- Agoraphobia: Fear of being in public spaces/situations where escape is difficult. Often accompanies panic disorder.
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Excessive worry about potential threats, catastrophes, uncertainties, and risks. Excessive time worrying and feeling anxious, not confined to other disorders. Symptoms include restlessness, feeling keyed up, easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbances.
- Social Anxiety Disorder: Persistent fear of social/performance situations where embarrassment might occur. Exposure to/anticipation of feared situations provokes anxiety and fear. Feared situations are avoided or endured with significant distress.
- Specific Phobias: Persistent fear of discernible, circumscribed objects/situations. Exposure/anticipation triggers anxiety/fear. Subtypes recognized by DSM-5 include animals, natural environment, blood-injection-injury, situational, and other.
Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Obsessions and compulsions that consume more than an hour per day or cause significant distress/impairment. Obsessions are recurrent/persistent thoughts, urges, or images. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts to prevent/reduce anxiety.
- Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD): Excessive preoccupation with perceived physical flaws. DSM-5 requires repetitive behaviors/mental acts due to perceived flaws, comparing, camouflaging, mirror checking, grooming, touching, reassurance seeking, changing clothes, skin picking, dieting, tanning, and excessive exercise. Discomfort related to "incompleteness."
- Hoarding Disorder: Persistent difficulty parting with possessions, causing distress/impairment. Associated with perceived need to save items.
- Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder): Recurrent hair pulling resulting in hair loss. Sense of relief. Negative affective states: perceived unattractiveness, secretiveness, shame, irritability, and low self-esteem.
- Excoriation Disorder (Skin-Picking Disorder): Recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions.
Trauma & Stress-Related Disorders
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Resulting from a life-threatening event. Requires a history of exposure to a traumatic event, resulting in symptoms across four clusters: intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity. Additional criteria concern duration, functioning, and differential diagnosis. Criterion A details a traumatic event. Criterion B-E encompasses each cluster. Intrusion involves involuntary memories, nightmares, dissociative reactions, etc. Avoidance concerns thought/feeling avoidance and avoidance of people, places, activities, reminders. Negative alterations involve distorted self/world views, persistent emotions, estrangement, and lack of interest in previous activities. Arousal/reactivity involves irritability/aggression, self-destructive behaviors, sleep issues, hypervigilance, and concentration problems. Diagnosis necessitates a symptom from each cluster for 1 month and at least 2 symptoms from criterion D and 2 from criterion E. "With dissociative symptoms" and "delayed expression" are additional specifiers.
- Acute Stress Disorder: Requires antecedent traumatic event (Criterion A). Within three months of exposure. Symptoms mirror PTSD criteria (B-E). Criteria include negative mood, intrusive thoughts, dissociation, avoidance, anxiety. Symptoms duration (C), functioning (D), co-occurring conditions are details. Symptoms must be accompanied by significant distress/impairment and aren't about normal bereavement. Symptoms do not persist for more than 6 months after the stressor ends.
Mood Disorders: Depressive Disorders
- Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Characterized by at least one major depressive episode (MDE) without a prior history of mania. MDE is associated with depressed mood or lack of interest (anhedonia). Includes 3/9 possible symptoms: depressed mood, anhedonia, changes in appetite and sleep, psychomotor agitation and slowing, loss of energy, decreased concentration, thoughts of death or suicide, and feelings of worthlessness.
- Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia): Less severe than MDD, requiring fewer symptoms over a longer period (2 years). Symptoms must be present for two years, minimal two months symptom-free. Might include MDE but no mania.
Mood Disorders: Bipolar Disorders
- Bipolar Disorders (Bipolar I and II): Defined by manic symptoms (excessive elation, grandiosity, hyperactivity), with varying degrees of severity. DSM-5 manic episodes last a week and involve decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, rapid speech, inflated self-esteem, and impulsive reckless behavior. Hypomania has similar symptoms but lasts four days or more. Other mood symptoms from MDDs (depression) might occur simultaneously causing mixed features and co-occurring symptoms.
Other Disorders
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Eating Disorders:
- Anorexia Nervosa (AN): Characterized by low weight, distorted body image, and lack of recognition of seriousness of low body weight.
- Bulimia Nervosa (BN): Involves recurrent binge-eating episodes followed by compensatory behaviors like vomiting or laxative misuse.
- Binge Eating Disorder (BED): Persistent binge-eating episodes with a sense of lack of control.
- Cyclothymic Disorder: Characterized by 2+ years of frequent alternating hypomanic and depressive symptoms that don't meet full BD criteria.
- Unspecified Bipolar Disorder: Patients who meet some but not all bipolar disorder criteria.
- Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED): symptoms characteristic of a feeding or eating disorder but do not meet full criteria for any specific disorder.
Schizophrenia
- Schizophrenia: Diagnostic considerations include work, social, or self-care impairments. Positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech/behavior) and negative symptoms (flat affect, apathy, lack of motivation) for at least 6 months. Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, and negative symptoms are part of the diagnosis.
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Description
This quiz explores key concepts related to various anxiety disorders, including Panic Disorders, Agoraphobia, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Participants will learn about symptoms, diagnosis criteria, and the differences among these disorders. Test your knowledge and understanding of anxiety disorders!
