Antitrust for Algorithms in Digital Sector: EU Competition Policy

What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

To enforce antitrust rules
To approve or prohibit mergers
To conduct sector inquiries
To provide independent advice to the Competition Commissioner (correct)

Which agency is NOT listed as part of the cooperation with other agencies in the EU?

Federal Trade Commission (US)
CMA (UK)
Department of Justice (US)
MOFCOM (China) (correct)

What is an example of DG COMP's law enforcement tools?

Soft law development
Case law development
Approval or prohibition of mergers (correct)
Approval of state aid compatibility

What is one of the functions of the European Competition Network (ECN)?

Enforcing antitrust rules (C)

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What is the role of the Investigative Powers within DG COMP?

Conduct inspections and interviews (D)

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What is the purpose of the Federal Trade Commission (US) in relation to DG COMP?

To cooperate with DG COMP on competition matters (C)

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What is the legal definition of dominance according to Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

Ability to behave independently of competitors, customers, and consumers to a significant extent (C)

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What is the presumption regarding market share in dominance analysis as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

Market share of 50% is presumed to indicate dominance, but other factors are also relevant (A)

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What is an example of an exploitative abuse of dominant position according to Article 102?

Excessive pricing (D)

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What are the potential anticompetitive effects of favoring the positioning and display of Google Shopping over comparison shopping services?

Foreclosure of competitors, constraint on consumer choice, and higher online retail prices (B)

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What is the significance of the Chicago School argument in the context of Google Search and comparison shopping?

It supports the lack of foreclosure incentive for Google Search (D)

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What does the Sistrix Visibility Index evolution provide empirical evidence for?

The potential anticompetitive effects of favoring Google Shopping (B)

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What is a collective dominance in the context of antitrust laws?

When one company has a dominant position jointly with other companies (B)

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What does Article 102 consider as exclusionary abuses of dominant position?

Behavior that directly harms customers or consumers (A)

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What is the primary goal of antitrust laws when it comes to dominant positions in the market?

To promote fair competition and prevent abuses by dominant companies (A)

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What does the term 'foreclosure' refer to in the context of antitrust laws?

Restricting consumer access to certain products or services (B)

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What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

To provide independent advice to the Competition Commissioner (B)

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What is the primary purpose of the European Competition Network (ECN)?

To promote cooperation and coordination among national competition authorities (C)

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What is the significance of the Investigative Powers within DG COMP?

To conduct inspections, request information, and hold interviews (B)

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What is the function of the Federal Trade Commission (US) in relation to DG COMP?

To investigate companies suspected of antitrust violations (D)

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What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

To provide independent advice to the Competition Commissioner (B)

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What is one of the law enforcement tools used by DG COMP?

Conducting sector inquiries (D)

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What is the main focus of Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

Addressing abuse of market dominance (B)

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What does 'dominance' refer to as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

The ability to act independently of competitors, customers, and consumers (C)

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What is the significance of market share in dominance analysis as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

Market share serves as a starting point for analysis, but other factors are also considered (A)

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What types of abuses of dominant position are outlined in Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

Exclusionary abuses and exploitative abuses (A)

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In the context of Google Shopping, what is an example of exclusionary abuse of dominant position?

Always displaying Google Shopping at the top and ranking competitors low (D)

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What potential anticompetitive effects can favoring the positioning and display of Google Shopping have?

Constraining consumer choice and lowering incentives to innovate (D)

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What does the Sistrix Visibility Index evolution provide empirical evidence for?

The impact of Google Search on consumer behavior (A)

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What argument is made against the Chicago School argument in relation to foreclosure incentives in the context of Google Search?

'Static incentive' theory does not support Google Search's foreclosure incentives (D)

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What are some potential effects mediated by consumer behavior due to the more favorable positioning and display of Google Shopping?

Decreased consumer choice and higher online retail prices (D)

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Antitrust for Algorithms in Digital Sector: EU Competition Policy

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

Which agency is NOT listed as part of the cooperation with other agencies in the EU?

What is an example of DG COMP's law enforcement tools?

What is one of the functions of the European Competition Network (ECN)?

What is the role of the Investigative Powers within DG COMP?

What is the purpose of the Federal Trade Commission (US) in relation to DG COMP?

What is the legal definition of dominance according to Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

What is the presumption regarding market share in dominance analysis as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

What is an example of an exploitative abuse of dominant position according to Article 102?

What are the potential anticompetitive effects of favoring the positioning and display of Google Shopping over comparison shopping services?

What is the significance of the Chicago School argument in the context of Google Search and comparison shopping?

What does the Sistrix Visibility Index evolution provide empirical evidence for?

What is a collective dominance in the context of antitrust laws?

What does Article 102 consider as exclusionary abuses of dominant position?

What is the primary goal of antitrust laws when it comes to dominant positions in the market?

What does the term 'foreclosure' refer to in the context of antitrust laws?

What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

What is the primary purpose of the European Competition Network (ECN)?

What is the significance of the Investigative Powers within DG COMP?

What is the function of the Federal Trade Commission (US) in relation to DG COMP?

What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

What is one of the law enforcement tools used by DG COMP?

What is the main focus of Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

What does 'dominance' refer to as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

What is the significance of market share in dominance analysis as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

What types of abuses of dominant position are outlined in Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

In the context of Google Shopping, what is an example of exclusionary abuse of dominant position?

What potential anticompetitive effects can favoring the positioning and display of Google Shopping have?

What does the Sistrix Visibility Index evolution provide empirical evidence for?

What argument is made against the Chicago School argument in relation to foreclosure incentives in the context of Google Search?

What are some potential effects mediated by consumer behavior due to the more favorable positioning and display of Google Shopping?

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