Antitrust for Algorithms in Digital Sector: EU Competition Policy

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

  • To enforce antitrust rules
  • To approve or prohibit mergers
  • To conduct sector inquiries
  • To provide independent advice to the Competition Commissioner (correct)

Which agency is NOT listed as part of the cooperation with other agencies in the EU?

  • Federal Trade Commission (US)
  • CMA (UK)
  • Department of Justice (US)
  • MOFCOM (China) (correct)

What is an example of DG COMP's law enforcement tools?

  • Soft law development
  • Case law development
  • Approval or prohibition of mergers (correct)
  • Approval of state aid compatibility

What is one of the functions of the European Competition Network (ECN)?

<p>Enforcing antitrust rules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Investigative Powers within DG COMP?

<p>Conduct inspections and interviews (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Federal Trade Commission (US) in relation to DG COMP?

<p>To cooperate with DG COMP on competition matters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the legal definition of dominance according to Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

<p>Ability to behave independently of competitors, customers, and consumers to a significant extent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the presumption regarding market share in dominance analysis as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

<p>Market share of 50% is presumed to indicate dominance, but other factors are also relevant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an exploitative abuse of dominant position according to Article 102?

<p>Excessive pricing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential anticompetitive effects of favoring the positioning and display of Google Shopping over comparison shopping services?

<p>Foreclosure of competitors, constraint on consumer choice, and higher online retail prices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Chicago School argument in the context of Google Search and comparison shopping?

<p>It supports the lack of foreclosure incentive for Google Search (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Sistrix Visibility Index evolution provide empirical evidence for?

<p>The potential anticompetitive effects of favoring Google Shopping (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a collective dominance in the context of antitrust laws?

<p>When one company has a dominant position jointly with other companies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Article 102 consider as exclusionary abuses of dominant position?

<p>Behavior that directly harms customers or consumers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of antitrust laws when it comes to dominant positions in the market?

<p>To promote fair competition and prevent abuses by dominant companies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'foreclosure' refer to in the context of antitrust laws?

<p>Restricting consumer access to certain products or services (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

<p>To provide independent advice to the Competition Commissioner (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the European Competition Network (ECN)?

<p>To promote cooperation and coordination among national competition authorities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Investigative Powers within DG COMP?

<p>To conduct inspections, request information, and hold interviews (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Federal Trade Commission (US) in relation to DG COMP?

<p>To investigate companies suspected of antitrust violations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

<p>To provide independent advice to the Competition Commissioner (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the law enforcement tools used by DG COMP?

<p>Conducting sector inquiries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

<p>Addressing abuse of market dominance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dominance' refer to as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

<p>The ability to act independently of competitors, customers, and consumers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of market share in dominance analysis as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

<p>Market share serves as a starting point for analysis, but other factors are also considered (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of abuses of dominant position are outlined in Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

<p>Exclusionary abuses and exploitative abuses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Google Shopping, what is an example of exclusionary abuse of dominant position?

<p>Always displaying Google Shopping at the top and ranking competitors low (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential anticompetitive effects can favoring the positioning and display of Google Shopping have?

<p>Constraining consumer choice and lowering incentives to innovate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Sistrix Visibility Index evolution provide empirical evidence for?

<p>The impact of Google Search on consumer behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What argument is made against the Chicago School argument in relation to foreclosure incentives in the context of Google Search?

<p>'Static incentive' theory does not support Google Search's foreclosure incentives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some potential effects mediated by consumer behavior due to the more favorable positioning and display of Google Shopping?

<p>Decreased consumer choice and higher online retail prices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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