Antitrust for Algorithms in Digital Sector: EU Competition Policy
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

  • To enforce antitrust rules
  • To approve or prohibit mergers
  • To conduct sector inquiries
  • To provide independent advice to the Competition Commissioner (correct)

    • Which agency is NOT listed as part of the cooperation with other agencies in the EU?

  • Federal Trade Commission (US)
  • CMA (UK)
  • Department of Justice (US)
  • MOFCOM (China) (correct)

    • What is an example of DG COMP's law enforcement tools?

  • Soft law development
  • Case law development
  • Approval or prohibition of mergers (correct)
  • Approval of state aid compatibility

    • What is one of the functions of the European Competition Network (ECN)?

    <p>Enforcing antitrust rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Investigative Powers within DG COMP?

    <p>Conduct inspections and interviews</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Federal Trade Commission (US) in relation to DG COMP?

    <p>To cooperate with DG COMP on competition matters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the legal definition of dominance according to Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

    <p>Ability to behave independently of competitors, customers, and consumers to a significant extent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the presumption regarding market share in dominance analysis as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

    <p>Market share of 50% is presumed to indicate dominance, but other factors are also relevant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an exploitative abuse of dominant position according to Article 102?

    <p>Excessive pricing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential anticompetitive effects of favoring the positioning and display of Google Shopping over comparison shopping services?

    <p>Foreclosure of competitors, constraint on consumer choice, and higher online retail prices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Chicago School argument in the context of Google Search and comparison shopping?

    <p>It supports the lack of foreclosure incentive for Google Search</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Sistrix Visibility Index evolution provide empirical evidence for?

    <p>The potential anticompetitive effects of favoring Google Shopping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a collective dominance in the context of antitrust laws?

    <p>When one company has a dominant position jointly with other companies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Article 102 consider as exclusionary abuses of dominant position?

    <p>Behavior that directly harms customers or consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of antitrust laws when it comes to dominant positions in the market?

    <p>To promote fair competition and prevent abuses by dominant companies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'foreclosure' refer to in the context of antitrust laws?

    <p>Restricting consumer access to certain products or services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

    <p>To provide independent advice to the Competition Commissioner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the European Competition Network (ECN)?

    <p>To promote cooperation and coordination among national competition authorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Investigative Powers within DG COMP?

    <p>To conduct inspections, request information, and hold interviews</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Federal Trade Commission (US) in relation to DG COMP?

    <p>To investigate companies suspected of antitrust violations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Chief Economist Team (CET) within DG COMP?

    <p>To provide independent advice to the Competition Commissioner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the law enforcement tools used by DG COMP?

    <p>Conducting sector inquiries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

    <p>Addressing abuse of market dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'dominance' refer to as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

    <p>The ability to act independently of competitors, customers, and consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of market share in dominance analysis as per Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

    <p>Market share serves as a starting point for analysis, but other factors are also considered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of abuses of dominant position are outlined in Article 102 of the Treaty for the European Union?

    <p>Exclusionary abuses and exploitative abuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Google Shopping, what is an example of exclusionary abuse of dominant position?

    <p>Always displaying Google Shopping at the top and ranking competitors low</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential anticompetitive effects can favoring the positioning and display of Google Shopping have?

    <p>Constraining consumer choice and lowering incentives to innovate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Sistrix Visibility Index evolution provide empirical evidence for?

    <p>The impact of Google Search on consumer behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What argument is made against the Chicago School argument in relation to foreclosure incentives in the context of Google Search?

    <p>'Static incentive' theory does not support Google Search's foreclosure incentives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some potential effects mediated by consumer behavior due to the more favorable positioning and display of Google Shopping?

    <p>Decreased consumer choice and higher online retail prices</p> Signup and view all the answers

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