Antipsychotic Drugs Overview

Conventional antipsychotic.

It provides symptomatic relief of positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Clozapine blocks both dopamine and serotonin receptors.

<p>Muscle rigidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dantrolene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Haloperidol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7 or 8 weeks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>D2 dopamine receptor antagonist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antipsychotic drugs are primarily used for the treatment of psychosis, including disorders like schizophrenia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positive symptoms include behaviors like hallucinations and delusions, while negative symptoms involve lack of motivation and social withdrawal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine receptors, particularly D2 receptors, are believed to be overactive in schizophrenia, contributing to the disorder's symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antipsychotic drugs are categorized into typical (first-generation) and atypical (second-generation) agents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antipsychotic drugs reduce symptoms by entering dopaminergic synapses and blocking D2 receptors, which decreases dopamine activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positive symptoms include bizarre behaviors such as agitation, delusions, hallucinations, and paranoia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social withdrawal in schizophrenia is characterized by a person paying less attention to the environment and avoiding interactions with others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Haloperidol (Haldol) is a commonly used typical antipsychotic medication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lithium alters sodium transport, inhibiting norepinephrine and dopamine release while slightly increasing their intraneuronal stores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium depletion or dehydration leads to increased renal reabsorption of lithium, which can result in toxic levels in the serum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Significant renal or cardiac disease and hypersensitivity to lithium are two main contraindications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The therapeutic level of lithium is between 0.5 to 1.5 meq/L.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lithium crosses the placenta and is associated with congenital abnormalities, necessitating birth control to prevent pregnancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients should be encouraged to increase their fluid intake to prevent dehydration and subsequent lithium toxicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common side effects can include weight gain, sexual dysfunction, and insomnia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depression most often starts in early adulthood and is more common in women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Angle-closure glaucoma, urinary retention, prostate hypertrophy, and renal or hepatic disease are contraindications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children, adolescents, and young adults should be monitored for suicidality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alcohol decreases the effectiveness and increases sedation, while tricyclic antidepressants can lead to increased effects of epinephrine, causing high blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vital signs, weight, skin color and lesions, affect, orientation, reflexes, vision, and bowel sounds should be assessed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MAOIs interact with many prescription and nonprescription drugs, as well as certain foods, making them difficult to manage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients on MAOIs should avoid stimulants and other antidepressants to prevent severe adverse reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients with a history of seizures may have a decreased seizure threshold due to drug stimulation of receptor sites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MAOIs treat depression by preventing the breakdown of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SSRIs prevent the reuptake of serotonin in the brain, increasing serotonin availability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common side effects include nausea and trouble sleeping.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SSRIs can also be indicated for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SSRIs do not cause the body to produce more serotonin; instead, they help the body use existing serotonin more effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children, adolescents, and young adults should be monitored for increased suicidality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SSRIs are well absorbed from the GI tract, metabolized in the liver, and excreted in urine and feces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients with impaired renal or hepatic functions may experience altered metabolism and toxicity from SSRIs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assess if the female patient is pregnant or breastfeeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers